Umthetho omtsha we-Crypto waseYurophu unika i-NFTs iPasi yasimahla (Okwangoku)

I-Crypto ilapha ukuba ihlale, kwaye nabalawuli emhlabeni jikelele bayayazi. I-European Union yamisela ukuba ibe ngomnye woovulindlela ekuboneleleni ngokucacileyo ngokulawula kweli shishini, kwaye yileyo ndlela isiphakamiso seMakethe kwi-Crypto-Assets (MiCA) sazalwa ngayo kwi-2020. Esi senzo senzelwe ukulawula imisebenzi ye-crypto kulo lonke elaseYurophu. I-Union (i-EU), enikezela elubala, ukhuseleko lwabathengi, kunye nokuqiniseka okusemthethweni kumashishini kunye nabasebenzisi.

Namhlanje, i-MiCA ngumthetho ogcweleyo, owenziwe ukuphunyezwa ekupheleni kwe-2024. Ukuyishwankathela kancinci, sinokuthi sisebenza kakhulu kumashishini anemisebenzi ngaphakathi nawaphi na amazwe angama-27 e-EU. Akuyomfuneko nokuba babe nekomkhulu apho ukuba banikezela ngeenkonzo kubemi be-EU kunjalo. Kukho imithetho engqongqo yemisebenzi ethile nge-crypto, ngelixa ezinye ziphantse zingahoywa okwangoku.

Masiyihlolisise ngokukhawuleza loo nto.

Ukufikelela kwi-MiCA: Iimpawu kunye ne-CASPs

MiCA iyasebenza kwiintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zamathokheni: iithokheni zemali ye-elektroniki (EMTs), iithokheni ezibhekiselele kwi-asethi (i-ART), kunye nezinye izinto ze-crypto, njengeempawu eziluncedo. Ii-EMTs ziyi-stablecoins ezixhaswa yimali enye ye-fiat, ngelixa ii-ART zizinzisa ixabiso ngeemali ezininzi okanye i-asethi. Zombini iintlobo zophawu, ezithathwa njengee-stablecoins, zijongene nemithetho engqongqo, kubandakanya nokuba ne-1: 1 yogcino kunye nokufumana isigunyaziso ngaphambi kokuba zidweliswe okanye zinikezelwe.

I-algorithmic stablecoins, engenazo iindawo zokugcina ezicacileyo kwaye endaweni yoko ixhomekeke kwiifomyula zemathematika ukuzinzisa ixabiso labo, zivaliwe phantsi kwe-MiCA. Ubuncinci, kutshintshiselwano lwe-crypto ukujongana nabo . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bonke abakhupheli bamathokheni (be-stablecoins okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwamathokheni) kufuneka bapapashe amaphepha amhlophe achaza iimpawu zabo kunye nobungozi, ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli.

Ababoneleli beNkonzo ye-Crypto-Asset (i-CASPs), njengotshintshiselwano, ababoneleli be-wallet yokugcina, kunye neefemu zokucebisa nge-crypto, zichaphazeleka kakhulu. Bamele babhalise kwilizwe le-EU, bagcine ubuncinane umlawuli omnye we-EU, kwaye babambelele kwi-anti-money laundering (AML) kunye nemigangatho yokukhusela abathengi. Ii-CASP ezisebenza ngaphezu kwe-15 yezigidi zabasebenzisi be-EU zijongene nokubeka iliso elingqongqo njenge "CASPs ezibalulekileyo" (sCASPs). La manyathelo ajolise ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko, ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweemarike, nokwakha ukuthembana kwabasebenzisi—kwaye kufuna imali eninzi kwiinkampani.

I-Stablecoins ithathe ingqalelo ebalulekileyo ngenxa yempembelelo yabo enokubakho kulawulo lwemali. I-MiCA inqanda abanikezeli be-stablecoin abangengabo baseYurophu ekugqithiseni i-€ 200 yezigidi kwiintengiselwano zemihla ngemihla. Ukuthobela, abanikezeli abanjengoCircle baye baqinisekisa iilayisenisi ze-EU, ngelixa abanye, njengeTether, bajongene nemingeni, ekhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ukuba bakhuphe amathokheni abo kubathengi be-EU.

Njengoko isigaba sokuphunyezwa kweMiCA siqhubeka, siqala ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngoDisemba 2024, iziphumo zayo ziya zicaca ngakumbi. Ngemithetho ye-stablecoin esele isebenza ukusukela ngoJuni , i-EU ibeka umzekelo wokulawulwa kwe-crypto yehlabathi.

Ngaphandle MiCA Fikelela

Sinokuthi lo ngumthetho obanzi, kodwa awuquki yonke into yehlabathi ye-crypto. Ezinye iiasethi ze-crypto kunye nemisebenzi ziwela ngaphandle kwendawo yayo. Njengokuba, iimpawu ezingenakufungiswa (NFTs) azilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kwe-MiCA ngaphandle kokuba zifana nezinye ii-asethi ze-crypto, ezifana neempawu eziluncedo okanye izixhobo zemali. Ii-NFTs ezikhutshiweyo kuthotho olukhulu zinokuthathwa njengezinokufungiswa kwaye zinokufuna ugunyaziso, kodwa ezizodwa, zohlobo olulodwa lwe-NFT zihlala zingalawulwa. Oku bhetyebhetye kuvumela iiprojekthi zokuyila kunye nezobugcisa ukuba ziphumelele ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezinzima.

Izicelo ezinatyisiweyo (iDapps), imibutho ezimele ezizimeleyo (DAOs), kunye neeprojekthi zezemali (DeFi) nazo azibandakanywanga ukuba abalugcini ugcino kwiimali zabasebenzisi babo. Ukuthetha oko, ukuthengiselana koontanga (P2P) kunye neepaji ezingekho phantsi kogcino azibandakanyi kakhulu ekujongeni ngokuthe ngqo. I-MiCA ayinyanzelisi le mithetho kubaboneleli besoftware okanye iiwallet ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagcine ulawulo olupheleleyo lwezitshixo zabo zabucala, njengeMetaMask. okanye Obyte , okanye izipaji zehardware ezifana neLedger okanye iTrezor.

Njengoko sibona, lo mthetho usebenza ikakhulu kubalamli, ekufuneka ukuba bathobele Anti-Money Laundering (AML) kunye Counter-Financing of Terrorism (CFT) imithetho. Ngamanye amazwi, iinkampani ekufuneka zichonge abathengi bazo kwaye zinike iingxelo kwabasemagunyeni, njengayo nayiphi na enye ibhanki. Olu lolona tshintsho luphambili, ukuba kukho nayiphi na, ukuba abasebenzisi be-crypto kwi-EU baya kujongana ne-MiCA: bazichonge ngokwabo kunye nokuthengiselana kwabo xa bejongene neenkonzo ze-crypto centralized (utshintshiselwano, iimali, izikhwama zokugcinwa, njl.). Kodwa oko akuqhelekanga ncam ngeli xesha, kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, abemi be-EU basenokusebenzisa ngokusemthethweni i-crypto ecosystems, iinkonzo kunye ne-asethi. Njengokuba, Obyte yinkqubo ye-crypto ecosystem ngokupheleleyo ene-DAG-based structure, eyenza ukuthengiselana kwe-P2P ngaphandle kwamagunya aphakathi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuxhathisa ukulawulwa. Ingqekembe yemfihlo yabucala, Iibhayithi ezimnyama , yenzelwe ukuba ingaze ichukumise utshintshiselwano okanye inkqubo yokuchonga, inikezela ngenye indlela yabucala ngokwenene kwabo bayifunayo.

Umfanekiso weVector obonakalayo nge vectorjuice / Freepik