IVite Igqithisa iWebpack njengoKhetho oluThandayo lwabaPhuhlisi kuPhuhliso lweWebhu

Sele ingu-2025 kwikhalenda! Lixesha lokuba sixoxe ngokhetho olunokwenzeka lwamaqela ophuhliso lwewebhu ukuze ahlaziyeke izitaki zawo zetekhnoloji. Unyaka ngamnye uzisa imingeni emitsha kunye namathuba okufezekisa iinjongo zabo zokubhala iikhowudi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuqaqambisa uluhlu lwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo eziququzelela imiba eyahlukeneyo yenkqubo yophuhliso lwewebhu.

Intshayelelo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amashishini amaninzi ahambele phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, kubandakanywa ne-IT, achaphazeleke kakhulu ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI). Ukucacisa ngakumbi malunga neempembelelo ze-AI kuphuhliso lwewebhu, akunakuphikiswa ukuba itekhnoloji ye-AI izisa iindlela ezintsha zophuhliso lwangaphambili kunye nophuhliso lwangasemva. Umzekelo, uninzi lwabaphenduli kuCapterra 's Survey Developer Survey 2024 bathanda izixhobo zomphuhlisi we-AI kwaye baveze izibonelelo zabo ezifana nokwanda kwemveliso kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kwikhowudi.

Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, kufanele kuthiwe izixhobo ze-AI zisebenza ngokuyintloko njengabancedisi endaweni yokutshintsha izinto ezibalulekileyo zesitaki sobuchwephesha bomphuhlisi. Izixhobo eziphambili ezifana nezixhobo zokwakha, i-runtime environments, izikhokelo, iilayibrari ze-UI, izixhobo zokuvavanya, njl. Izixhobo ezinjalo zingasetyenziselwa ukujongana namanqaku afanelekileyo eentlungu zeJavaScript ezifana nokwakhiwa kwekhowudi, ulawulo lwelizwe, ukulungiswa kweempazamo, ukulawula ukuxhomekeka, njl.ebizwa kwi- State of JS survey . Ke ngoko, siza kujolisa kwiindidi eziphambili zezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngabaphuhlisi kwaye sithathele ingqalelo enkulu kwaye hayi ezona khetho zicacileyo zokujongana nemiba ecela umngeni yophuhliso lwewebhu.

Izikhokelo zokuPhuhlisa iNkqubo yoPhuhliso

Xa kuziwa ekwandiseni amava ophuhliso, izikhokelo zihlala zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuququzelela ukwakhiwa kwee-apps ezomeleleyo kunye ne-scalable.

Emva kohlaziyo olubalulekileyo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, izikhokelo ezintathu eziphambili (React, Angular, Vue) ziya kuhlala zizikhetho ezifanelekileyo kumaqela e-dev. Uvavanyo lwamva nje lweState of JS lukwagxininisa umdla oqinileyo kulo lonke uluntu lwe-dev kwezinye iinketho ezifana Svelte kwaye I-SolidJS .

Kwakhona kuyindlela eqhelekileyo yokwandisa amandla ezicwangciso ze-front-end ngokudibanisa kunye ne-meta-frameworks. Banikezela ngeempawu ezininzi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezifana ne-SSR, i-SSG, indlela, ukuphatha i-API, njl. Kule ndawo, kufanelekile ukukhankanya izixhobo ezifana ne-Next.js, Astro, kunye ne-SvelteKit.

Kuphuhliso lwangasemva, i-Express.js ihlala iba lolona khetho lukhethwayo kunye neseti ebanzi yeempawu zokwakha usetyenziso ngeNode.js. Olunye ukhetho lophuhliso lwangasemva yiNest.js, eqhubeka ifumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwe-web devs enkosi kuyilo lwemodyuli, ukulinganisa, kunye nenkxaso epheleleyo yeTypeScript. Esinye isakhelo esithembisayo sokugqibela esibekwe kwindawo ephezulu kwiState of JS 2024 yiFastify, ethembisa isantya esiphezulu kunye nentloko ephantsi.

Ukukhethwa kwesakhelo esithile (okanye indibaniselwano yazo) ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno kunye nobunzima beprojekthi nganye. Ezi zixhobo ngokuqinisekileyo zinokunyusa ukuhamba komsebenzi kwaye zonyuse imveliso yamaqela e-dev, ke ngoko ziya kuhlala zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakheni iiprojekthi zewebhu ngo-2025 nangaphaya.

Ukuphucula uPhuhliso ngeSixhobo esitsha soKwakha esiThandwayo

Kangangeminyaka, iWebpack ithathwa njengomgangatho woshishino wokuqulunqa kunye nokudibanisa ikhowudi yomthombo. Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iVite iye yaba lukhuphiswano olunamandla kwiWebpack kunye nokhetho olutsha oluthandayo kubaphuhlisi abaninzi.

Yaziswa nguEvan Wena ngo-2020 njengesixhobo sokwakha i-Vue, iVite yakhawuleza yathakazelelwa kuluntu lwe-dev ngenxa yogxininiso ekusebenzeni, ngokulula ekusebenziseni, kunye nenkqubo esebenzayo yokwakha. Uhlaziyo lwamva nje lwenguqulo 6.0 (ekhutshwe ngoNovemba ka-2024) yenza iVite ibe sisixhobo sendalo yonke esinenkxaso yesakhelo esomeleziweyo, ukonyuswa kokusebenza, inkqubo ekhulayo yendalo, kunye nezinye izinto ezintsha. Abaninzi iinkampani ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezifana ne-OpenAI, i-Apple, i-Google, njl Uvavanyo lweState of JS 2024 luyibone ngokufanelekileyo iVite njengetekhnoloji enenkqubela phambili yokusetyenziswa konyaka wonke.

Kwi-2025, i-Vite ilungele ukuba yinto ekhethekileyo yokukhetha kwiimeko ezininzi kuphuhliso lwewebhu lwangoku, ngakumbi kwizicelo zephepha elinye (ii-SPA) kunye neeprojekthi ezincinci ukuya eziphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, iWebpack, kunye ne-ecosystem yayo ekhulileyo, inkxaso ebanzi yeplagin, kunye nokuguquguquka, ihlala ingumbangi oqinileyo, ngakumbi kwii-apps ezinzima ezifuna ulungelelwaniso lwesiko.

I-Bun: Indlela eKhawulezayo kwi-Node.js kunye ne-npm ngo-2025

Njengoko uphuhliso lwewebhu luba nzima ngakumbi kwaye ludla ixesha, izixhobo ezenza lula ukuhamba komsebenzi kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka zifumana ukufaneleka okuthile. I-Bun, i-innovative JS runtime, ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wempendulo kwimfuno yezixhobo ezinjalo. Yaziswa liqela le-Oven ngo-2021 njenge-toolkit yonke-in-one, i-Bun idibanisa ukusebenza kwendawo yokusebenza, umphathi wephakheji, kunye ne-bundler, okwenza kube yinto ethembisayo kwii-apps zewebhu zanamhlanje.

I-Bun sisixhobo esitsha kodwa inamandla okuba sitshintshe umdlalo kwi-ecosystem yeJavaScript ngokulula kwayo, ukusebenza kakuhle, inkxaso yemveli ye-TypeScript, kunye nokusebenza okukhawulezayo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-Node.js, efuna izixhobo zangaphandle ezifana ne-npm (umsonto) okanye i-Webpack (Vite) ukugubungela ulawulo lwephakheji kunye neemfuno zokuhlanganisa, i-Bun inikezela ngamava angenamthungo, adibeneyo. Nangona i-Bun ikhawuleza ngakumbi kune-Vite, isanqongophele kumbandela obalulekileyo njengosebenza kunye nesakhelo, ke asikhange siyithathele ingqalelo kwicandelo elingaphambili. Kodwa, ngokwewebhusayithi yeBun, i-Framework API iyeza kungekudala, ke esi sixhobo ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukuzama ngo-2025.

Ulawulo lweDatha olomeleziweyo

Ngo-2025, imfuno ye-intuitive kunye ne-data-intensive application iya kuqhubeka nokunyuka. Ke ngoko kulungile ukuba ezandleni zakho isixhobo esinamandla solawulo lwedatha. Iwijethi ye-DHTMLX Grid, eyilwe liqela emva kwetshathi eyaziwayo yeJavaScript Gantt, ihambelana kakuhle nale njongo. Le JavaScript yedatha yegridi ivumela unikezelo lwedatha enkulu (100,000+ imiqolo kwimillisecond) kwifomathi yetheyibhuli ngaphandle kokuthotywa kokusebenza. Ngokuchaseneyo nezinye iigridi ze-JS ezidumileyo ezifana ne-agGrid okanye i-Handsontable, i-DHTMLX Grid ine-API ecacileyo kunye namaxwebhu alungele umphuhlisi, ngelixa inikezela ngezakhono zokusebenza ezinokuthelekiswa.

Inguqulelo yamva nje yale widget (9.0) ibonelela ngembono ye-TreeGrid, amaqela edatha aguqukayo, kunye nezishwankathelo zohlalutyo olusebenzayo. Ikwaxhasa ezinye izinto ezininzi ezidumileyo ezinjengokucoca kunye nokuhlelwa kwedatha, ukuhlengahlengiswa kwemiqolo kunye neekholamu, iikholamu ezikhenkcezisiweyo, iindidi zomhleli wekholamu ezininzi, iiheader zemigca emininzi kunye nefooter, imowudi yokuphakama kwe-auto, nokunye okuninzi. Zininzi iinketho zokuqwalasela kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso izinto eziphambili zegridi. Umzekelo, utshintsha inkangeleko kunye nokuziva kwetafile yedatha usebenzisa imixholo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, iCSS yesiko, iitemplates, kunye nomxholo weHTML kwiiseli zegridi. I-DHTMLX Grid iza neziqwengana ezininzi zekhowudi, ii-apps zedemo, kunye neesampulu ezidityanisiweyo ezenza kube lula ukulawula le widget kunye nokuphunyezwa kwayo kwiiprojekthi zewebhu ezisekelwe kwiinkqubo ezidumileyo zokugqibela.

UkuPhathwa kweeDatha okuSebenzayo kunye noDityaniso lwee-Apps eziDynamic

Ukucubungula idatha kwi-interface yomsebenzisi yinxalenye nje yolawulo lwedatha olusebenzayo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha ngaphandle komthungo ukusuka kwi-API okanye iiseva zangaphandle kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-app ezisebenzisana nedatha. Ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kwemithombo yedatha ye-backend kunye ne-UI ye-app yakho, ungasebenzisa ukulanda idatha kunye nezixhobo zolawulo lombuso.

I-Axios kunye ne-Fetch API zimbini iinketho ezingasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela idatha kwi-backend kwaye idlulise le datha kwi-UI component njenge-DHTMLX Grid.

Ngokuphathelele kulawulo lukarhulumente, ungaqwalasela iRedux Toolkit okanye iZustand. I-Redux Toolkit yindlela elula nesebenzayo ngakumbi kwithala leencwadi le-Redux elaziwayo elinokusetyenziswa kunye nezakhelo ezahlukeneyo. I-Zustand sisixhobo esikhaphukhaphu kunye nesisebenzayo solawulo lwelizwe kunye nolwasekhaya ngokukodwa kwiiapps zeReact.

Ngokudibanisa itheyibhile yegridi eyomeleleyo kunye nedatha esebenzayo yokulanda kunye nezixhobo zolawulo lwelizwe, unokwakha usetyenziso olunzulu lwedatha oluguquguqukayo kakhulu, oluphendulayo, olukwaziyo ukukala kulo naliphi na inqanaba lobunzima.

Ukunyusa umgangatho weKhowudi ngeZixhobo zoVavanyo

Kunzima ukuqikelela ukubaluleka kovavanyo lwekhowudi kuba inceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iapp yakho iziphatha ngendlela elindelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukomelela kunye nokuthembeka kwe-app yakho yewebhu kunokujongwa ngokucokisekileyo kunye neyunithi, ukuphela ukuya ekupheleni, kunye novavanyo lokudibanisa. Ukunciphisa umzamo owenziwe ngesandla kunye nokuphucula imveliso yovavanyo iyonke, kuqhelekile ukuba abaphuhlisi bewebhu babhenele kwizixhobo zovavanyo ezikhethekileyo.

Abo bangafuniyo ukwenza ilinge banokukhetha izixhobo ezivavanyiweyo njengeJest kunye neCypress. Kodwa ukuba uvule ukuzama into entsha ngo-2025, kukho iindlela ezithembisayo.

Umzekelo, ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuhamba kunye neVite njengesixhobo sokwakha iprojekthi yakho, kunokuba sengqiqweni ukuqwalasela iVitest. Esi sikhokelo sovavanyo esisebenzayo sibonelela ngokudityaniswa komthungo kunye neVite kunye nezinto ezininzi eziluncedo zovavanyo olusebenzayo kwiiapps zewebhu zanamhlanje. I-Playwright sesinye isixhobo sokuvavanya esinomdla ngokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuseta lula, kunye nesixhobo esinamandla sokujongana neemfuno zabaphuhlisi ekuvavanyeni kokuphela. Kuxoxwa ukuba iPlaywright inamandla okutshintsha iCypress ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Nokuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa esinye sesakhelo sovavanyo esisekiweyo okanye ukhetha ukhetho olutsha, ezi zixhobo ziyakuququzelela inkqubo yolungiso lweempazamo kwiiprojekthi zakho ezintsha.

Amathuba amahle oYilo lweWebhu yanamhlanje

Okokugqibela, kuyakhuthaza ukubona ukwanda kwesakhono sokwenza isimbo kwizicelo zale mihla zewebhu, ziqhutywa ikakhulu kukuvela ngokukhawuleza kweCSS. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iphuculwe ngokumangalisayo ngothotho lweempawu ezintsha ezinje ngegridi engaphantsi, i :has() pseudo-class, CSS variables, imibuzo yesikhongozeli, njl. njl. Olu longezo luphucule ngokubonakalayo ubhetyebhetye kunye namandla eCSS, ukwenza abaphuhlisi ukwenza uyilo oluguqukayo ngakumbi kunye noluphendulayo ngokulula.

Yaye kuninzi okusezayo. Ngokuka-State of CSS 2024, iimpawu ezilindelwe kakhulu njengengqiqo enemiqathango, imixube, kunye noyilo lweemasonry ziyaqhubeka.

Ngaphezu koko, unokuthembela kwakhona ezinye izixhobo ezisekelwe kwiCSS ukufezekisa iinjongo zesimbo ezahlukeneyo: izikhokelo zeCSS ( I-Tailwind CSS , I-Bootstrap ), indlela ye-CSS-in-JS ( Iimodyuli zeCSS , Amacandelo aneSimbo ), abaqhubekekisi bangaphambili/ngeposi ( Sass/SCSS , I-PostCSS ), izinto eziluncedo ( Mhle , Autoprefixer ).

Ukongeza kwinkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo ngaphakathi kweCSS, izixhobo ezininzi zeJavaScript, kubandakanywa izikhokelo kunye neelayibrari ze-UI, nazo zenze inkqubela phambili enkulu ekwandiseni ubuchule babo bokuhombisa, bebonelela abaphuhlisi ngokulula ngakumbi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Isibheno esibonakalayo se-app yewebhu yinto ebalulekileyo kumava alungileyo omsebenzisi kunye nempumelelo yeprojekthi iyonke. Ngo-2025, uneendlela ezininzi zokuphucula kakhulu inkqubo yophuhliso lokubonwayo.

Ukusonga

Ukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwewebhu lwangoku oludibanisa i-UI ekhangeleka kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okutyebileyo kuhlala kuza ngexabiso eliphezulu. Iimfuno eziphezulu zeprojekthi, amaxesha amisiweyo, kunye namanqaku aqhelekileyo eentlungu zeJavaScript zenza inkqubo yophuhliso ibe ngumngeni kakhulu. Ukuba ujongene nalo msebenzi kwaye unezikhewu kwisitaki sakho setekhnoloji, izixhobo ezigxininiswe kweli nqaku zinika indawo eninzi yokuzama kunye nokufumana izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zempumelelo ngo-2025.