Kukho ngaphezu kwe-8,000 yeelwimi ezicwangcisiweyo namhlanje-zininzi, eneneni, phantse akunakwenzeka ukugcina umkhondo. Kwaye yonke imihla, iilwimi ezintsha ziyazalwa, zilungele ukuthatha indawo yazo kwindawo ebonakalayo. Kodwa nantsi inyani: kuphela malunga nama-50 kwezi lwimi ezaziwa ngokubanzi kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokusebenzayo ziinjineli.
Ke, ngalo lonke olo khetho, uthatha njani isigqibo sokuba loluphi ulwimi lwenkqubo oza kulusebenzisa kwiprojekthi yakho elandelayo?
Ukukhetha ulwimi lwenkqubo yeprojekthi yakho kufana nokukhetha iziqholo eziphambili zesitya. Njengoko kunye neziqholo, awuyidingi ikhabhinethi yonke kwisitya sakho. Kufuneka ukhethe kuphela ezimbalwa ezinxulumene nayo.
Awudingi kuzixakekisa ngokhetho. Iilwimi ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu kuphela ezifunekayo ukwenza iprojekthi yakho. Iqhinga kukukhetha ezifanelekileyo, ngokusekelwe kumbono wakho kwisiphumo sakho sokugqibela. Nokuba kukuguquguquka kweJava, ukulula kwePython, amandla eC ++, okanye olunye ukhetho ngokupheleleyo, ulwimi oluchanekileyo luya kubumba impumelelo yeprojekthi yakho. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane indlela yokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo.
Imibuzo Ofanele Uyiphendule Xa Ukhetha Ulwimi
Iresiphi emnandi iyiseti yemiyalelo kuphela. Njengeprojekthi eyimpumelelo efuna ulwimi lwenkqubo kunye nomphuhlisi onetalente ukuba aqalise, ifuna izithako ezifanelekileyo kunye nezakhono ukuze ube sisitya.
Awunakusebenzisa i-sinamoni kwi-sauce ye-pasta emnandi (ngaphandle kokuba uziva ulingelo). Okufanayo kuya kwiilwimi zokucwangcisa. Yenza umzamo wokulandela isiqhelo kwiiprojekthi ezithile. Ikongela ixesha kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu (i-migraines yokwenene) ekuzabalazeni ukuguqula iinjongo zakho.
Ngaphandle kokuba umxhasi wakho okanye umphathi wakho ngumenzi wesigqibo, nantsi imibuzo ekufuneka uzibuze yona xa ukhetha ulwimi lwenkqubo olukhethekayo:
1. Yintoni ekwiMenyu (uMda weProjekthi kunye neNjongo)?
Iprojekthi nganye inenjongo ecacileyo. Ngethamsanqa, uya kuba neelwimi zekhowudi eziluyilo lokwenziwa kwazo olufumanekayo kuwe. Umzekelo, awusebenzisi inyama yenkomo ukwenza i-sushi, njengokuba ungasebenzisi i-PHP kwi-app ye-iOS. Okanye u-Swift ukwakha iwebhusayithi ye-eCommerce. Nokuba ufumene indlela yokuyijikeleza, isiphelo (ixesha kunye nomgangatho) asiyi kuzithethelela iindlela.
Soloko udwelisa ezona lwimi zihambelanayo zokucwangcisa ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi yakho kwaye uzilinganise ngokuchasene nesakhono sakho kunye nezixhobo. Qhagamshelana neengcali kwaye uxoxe ngeenuances zeprojekthi yakho ukunciphisa ukhetho lwakho.
IJavaScript ixhaphakile kuphuhliso lwewebhu kuba i-syntax yayo kulula ukuyifunda. IPython inokufikelela kwisiphumo esifanayo sokugqibela kodwa iya kuxabisa ixesha elininzi kunye nezixhobo. Phantse i-70% yabaphuhlisi bakhetha iJavaScript njengolwimi lwenkqubo olukhethwayo kule njongo.
Kwinkqubo, okuncinci kuhlala kuninzi okoko nje kusenziwa umsebenzi. Chaza injongo ecacileyo, kwaye ulwimi oluchanekileyo luya kuzityhila.
2. Ngaba kufuneka Ukwahlula-hlule uMsebenzi ngesantya kunye nokuSebenza?
Ngaba unalo iqela leenjineli, okanye ungumdwelisi weprogram uwedwa? Umpheki onekhitshi elixokozelayo angenza izidlo ezi-5 kwimilomo elikhulu ukuya kwimfezeko, ngelixa u-Amanda enobunzima bokubilisa ipasta ngetry enye. Ingqiqo efanayo iyasebenza kwiprogramu. Sukunyanzela ulwimi wena okanye iqela lakho ongalwazi kakuhle kuba ucinga ukuba luyakhawuleza okanye lunomtsalane.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iilwimi ezininzi zinokufikelela kwisiphumo esifanayo, kwaye kulungile ukusebenzisa enye onayo. Qwalasela amandla akho okuphatha (ukufaka iikhowudi kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo) ulwimi lokucwangcisa ukunqanda ukuthumela imveliso emdaka. Ukuba uyathandabuza njengomphuhlisi oyedwa, tsibela kwiilwimi ngezona zixhobo zininzi.
Ukuba isantya sokucubungula siphambili, unokufuna amanani amaninzi ukuphembelela isigqibo sakho. Isantya sibalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-SEO ukuya kumava omsebenzisi. I-app ecothayo ilahlekelwa ngabasebenzisi, kwaye umva ocothayo ubulala ukusebenza. I-C ++ kunye neRust ibaleka njengombane, ngelixa iPython irhweba ngesantya ukuze kube lula.
Qinisekisa ukuba ulwimi luyangqinelana nomsebenzi. Ukuba yonke imillisecond iyabala, yiya ihlanganiswe. Ukuba uphuhliso olukhawulezayo luphumelele, hamba utolikwe.
Kungenjalo, izazinzulu zekhompyuter zisebenzisa ibhenchmarking ukuhlalutya isantya sokusebenza kweelwimi zenkqubo kunye nokusebenza. Baqhuba iseti yokusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo - iimeko zakho.
Ezinye iisayithi ezihloniphekileyo ezifana
3. Ingaba inenkxaso eyomeleleyo yoluntu kunye namathala eencwadi atyebileyo?
Akukho mntu wakha yedwa. Uluntu olukhulayo luthetha izibonelelo ezingapheliyo, ukulungiswa kweebug, kunye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Kwakhona, indlela elula yokuphuma ihlala iyeyona ilungileyo kumdwelisi wenkqubo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ayisosigqibo sobulumko. Khumbula ama-nuances ebesithetha ngawo ngaphambili? Ewe, nantsi enye yazo.
Ikhowudi eneCoffeeScript sisigqibo esoyikekayo kuba kucingelwa ukuba ine-syntax elula kuneJavaScript xa i-ecosystem yayo iphela. Khumbula ama-nuances ebesithetha ngawo ngaphambili? Ewe, nantsi enye yazo.
IJavaScript inezigidi zabanegalelo, iPython ibonelela ngamathala eencwadi kuyo yonke into, kwaye iGo inyuka ngokukhawuleza. Jonga i-GitHub, i-Stack Overflow, kunye nabaphathi bephakheji ngolwazi olungakumbi. Ukuba i-ecosystem iyachuma, nawe uya kuba njalo. Ayibobugorha ukutsibela kuphuhliso ngolwimi lwenkqubo olufayo noluntu olungekhoyo.
4. Ngaba idibanisa kakuhle kunye ne-tech stack yakho?
Amashishini anesiseko esikhoyo sobuchwepheshe kunye neelwimi zokuprograma ezinika amandla izisombululo ezahlukeneyo. Ngumsebenzi wakho njengomdwelisi wenkqubo ukukhetha ulwimi lwenkqubo ukusombulula ingxaki yabo ngolwimi oluhambelanayo.
Ukuba i-backend yakho isebenza kwiJava, i-Kotlin yinto efanelekileyo yendalo. Ukuba isiseko somthengi wakho sinobunzima beMicrosoft, i-C# iziva isekhaya. Ukutshintsha iilwimi phakathi kweprojekthi kuyabiza. Kwaye akukho shishini lifuna ukuphulukana nemali ukuququzelela ubutsha bakho. Namathela ekusebenzisaneni kuba konga ixesha, imali kunye neentloko. Khetha ulwimi olungena kwihlabathi lakho.
5. Ngaba ulwimi luya kuxhasa ukulinganiswa kwexesha elide?
Omnye unobangela obalulekileyo wokuba iilwimi zenkqubo ziphelelwe lixesha kukungakwazi kwazo ukulinganisa. I-Twitter ilahle iRuby kwezinye iilwimi ezinokuthi zivumelane nokwandiswa kunye nokwamkela iindleko eziphantsi.
Kungenxa yoko le nto iijuggernauts ezifana nePython kunye neJava zikhula ngokuthandwa minyaka le. Ndikhule ndiqaphela isoftware yefowuni yeSymbian enikwe amandla eJava xa ndingenguye nomphuhlisi, kwaye ngoku ilawula usetyenziso lweshishini.
Ngaba ulwimi lwakho luyakwazi ukumelana nokukhula? IJava inika amandla amakhulu amashishini kuba inokulinganisa ngentloko encinci yekhompyuter. Kwaye iGo iyaqhubeka nokwenza ngesantya esichukumisayo njengoko isanda. I-PHP kunye nePerl bayasokola kwinqanaba kwaye bayafa namhlanje. Ubungqina bexesha elizayo ikhowudi yakho. Ukuba ulwimi alukwazi ukulinganisa, ngokunjalo impumelelo yakho ayinakho.
6. Lukhuseleke kangakanani ulwimi?
Isiphene esinye sokhuseleko sinokuzisa yonke into ukuba ibe phantsi. Ezinye iilwimi zakhiwe ngokhuseleko engqondweni- Umhlwa unqanda ukuvuza kwememori, kwaye i-TypeScript iyeka i-JavaScript mishaps. Abanye bashiya ukhuseleko kuwe. Ukuba uphethe idatha ebuthathaka, musa ukungcakaza. Khetha ulwimi olukukhusela ukusuka kusuku lokuqala.
7. Ngaba olu lwimi lusimahla, okanye luneendleko zelayisensi?
Isimahla ayisoloko isimahla. Ezinye iilwimi azibizi nto kodwa zifuna izixhobo ezibizayo. Abanye bahlawulisa ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo. Iinketho zomthombo ovulekileyo njengePython, iJavaScript, kunye neGo kukunika ukuguquguquka ngaphandle kwemirhumo efihliweyo. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, jonga umfanekiso.
8. Ngaba ulwimi olufunwayo kukuqesha abaphuhlisi?
Awukhethi nje ulwimi-ukhetha ikamva. I-Python, iJava, kunye neJavaScript zilawula imarike yomsebenzi. Umhlwa kunye noGo ziinkwenkwezi ezikhulayo. Iilwimi zeNiche zisenokuthetha umvuzo ophezulu kodwa amathuba emisebenzi ambalwa.
Ngaba ufuna ixabiso lexesha elide? Khetha ulwimi olunemfuno. Ukongeza, kuthetha ukuba iqela liya kukufumanisa kulula ukufumana uncedo olufanelekileyo xa isikali somsebenzi.
Iilwimi zokuCwangcisa eziMgangatho kwiiProjekthi eziqhelekileyo
Nazi ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo zokusetyenziswa kwezona lwimi zidumileyo zokuprograma kushishino.
Uphuhliso lwewebhu
I-Web dev inzima kodwa yakhiwe. Ilandela inkqubo ezinikeleyo, isebenzisa izixhobo ezithile, kwaye ixhomekeke kulwimi olufanelekileyo ukuguqula ngokufanelekileyo ikhowudi eluhlaza kwiwebhusayithi ephilayo. I-HTML kunye ne-CSS zibeka isiseko, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, iJavaScript yongeza ukusebenzisana, njengoshukela kunye ne-baking powder form texture kunye nokunyuka.
Isakhelo esifana ne-React okanye i-Vue sicoca iwebhusayithi, njengokuba i-icing kwikhekhe yongeza ukugqiba. Ithe ngqo kodwa ibalulekile.
I-backend coding ngeelwimi ezifana neRuby kwi-Rails, i-Node.js, okanye i-Django (ungasebenzisa ulwimi olufanayo lwangaphambili kwi-server-side kwiiprojekthi ezisisiseko) iya kutshisa iwebhusayithi njenge-oven.
Iiwebhusayithi ezilula, njengekeyiki yasekhaya, inokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-HTML, CSS, kunye neJavascript kuphela. Kodwa ikeyiki ekhethekileyo, njengomtshato okanye ikeyiki yomboniso, idinga ukuqonda kunye neelwimi eziphuculweyo zokubhala i-backend.
Uphuhliso lweMobile
Kulungile, ukulinganisa ukutya okwaneleyo. Andifuni utshiza amathe
I-Swift ngokulula yeyona ilungileyo
Inzululwazi yeDatha
Njengakwimimandla emininzi, kukho imigangatho. I-Python ilawula isayensi yedatha ngenxa yamathala eencwadi amakhulu, ngelixa i-R isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-computing yezibalo. I-SQL iqinisekisa ukuba idatha icwangciswe kakuhle. Isebenza njenge-pizza cutter yokusika kwiiseti zedatha ezinkulu.
Ukhomyutha yamafu
Njengoko siye saseka, ulungelelwaniso losetyenziso lolwimi lwenkqubo lukhona kuwo onke amashishini. I-Python yeyona nto ikhuphisanayo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi kodwa ithandwa kakhulu kwiskripthi kunye nemisebenzi ezenzekelayo. Nangona kunjalo, iGolang (ephuhliswe nguGoogle) iyagqwesa kumanyathelo asekwe kwintsebenzo, iqhubela phambili ukuya kuthi ga kalishumi ngokukhawuleza kunePython kuba le yokugqibela ayikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eguquguqukayo yemveli.
Inkwenkwe enkulu, iJava, ilawula kwizisombululo zeshishini (awuyi kuba lapha) ngenxa yobunzima kunye nokusebenzisana kwayo.
Kukubhadla okungeyonyani
Kuyaphawuleka ukukhankanya ukuba iPython yenye yezona lwimi zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kwishishini. I-Newsflash: I-Python yindawo yokuya kwi-AI kunye neeprojekthi zokufunda ngomatshini. Izikhokelo ezifana ne-TensorFlow kunye ne-PyTorch, ezincedisa abaphuhlisi ngokuqaphela umfanekiso kunye nemisebenzi yokucubungula ulwimi, ikwabonelela ngenkxaso.
Okwangoku, i-C ++ kunye neJava zisalawula kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo njengeemoto eziziqhubayo kunye nezicelo zeShishini.
Iingcamango Zokugqibela
Imigaqo yokukhetha inkqubo engcono ihlala ifana. Ukuba uyathandabuza, khumbula ukuyigcina ilula.
Ukudityaniswa kwemisebenzi elula okanye ukusebenzela ngaphandle kwesiqhelo kuphela, ngakumbi kunokuba kungenjalo, kukwenza ube ngumphuhlisi ongasebenziyo okanye owoyikekayo. Gcina loo nto, kwaye umsebenzi wakho unokuthatha igophe elihlayo.
Ukuqukumbela, khetha iilwimi zenkqubo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokwamkelwa, izixhobo, kunye neyona khowudi incinci yokwenza, ukusombulula ingxaki yakho. Ukufunda ulwimi kwiprojekthi akuncedi ukuba akuyomfuneko, nokuba uzimisele ukufunda emsebenzini.
