Shushanya amakuru yawe Yerekana Igishushanyo mbonera Guhitamo Abafatanyabikorwa Bingenzi Kurema Ishirahamwe-Kugura

Turimo Tuvuga iki?

Imbaraga zokubona amakuru ziri mubushobozi bwayo bwo koroshya ibintu bigoye, bigatuma na datasets zigoye cyane zigerwaho kandi zumvikana kubantu benshi. Mu mashyirahamwe agezweho, iyerekwa ntabwo ari igikoresho cyo gusesengura gusa - nuburyo bwingenzi bwitumanaho bukemura icyuho kiri hagati yinzobere zamakuru nabafata ibyemezo. Amashusho meza ntagaragaza gusa amakuru asa neza; bahindura amakuru yibanze mubushishozi bukora butuma abafata ibyemezo bakora neza, byihuse, kandi bamenyeshejwe neza. Muguhindura amakuru mumateka, iyerekwa rifasha kumenyekanisha ubushishozi butera ingamba, kunoza imikorere, no gukora imyumvire isangiwe mumakipe.

Kuki Kubona Amashusho bifite akamaro?

• Kunonosora neza : Amashusho agabanya umutwaro wubwenge yemerera abakoresha kwinjiza amakuru yihuse, bahindura amakuru adafatika mubushishozi bufite ireme. Abantu batunganya amakuru yihuta kuruta inyandiko cyangwa imibare. Mugihe ishusho ikunze kuvugwa ko dutunganya amashusho 60.000x byihuse kuruta amagambo adafite ishingiro, nukuri ko amashusho yatunganijwe neza atuma ibyemezo bifata ibyemezo byihuse ukoresheje ubushobozi bwacu busanzwe bwo gutunganya amakuru yihuse.
• Gufata ibyemezo byongerewe imbaraga : Mugaragaza imigendekere, ibintu bidasanzwe, hamwe nabasohoka, amashusho atanga imiterere ikomeye kubafata ibyemezo. Iyi mvugo ibafasha kumenya ibibazo cyangwa amahirwe bashobora kubura, guhindura amakuru mubushishozi bukora butwara ibisubizo.
• Itumanaho rishingiye ku makuru : Kwerekana amakuru bikora nk'ururimi rusange, byemeza ko abafatanyabikorwa mu bya tekiniki ndetse n'abadafite tekinike bashobora kubona ubushishozi bumwe kandi bakagira uruhare mu gufata ibyemezo. Uku demokarasi ya data yemerera ibiganiro byinshi birimo, byamenyeshejwe mu nzego zose z'umuryango.
• Igenamigambi ry'Ingamba : Muri gahunda ndende, iyerekwa rifasha kwerekana imiterere n'ibigezweho mumateka yamateka ashobora kumenyesha ingamba zizaza. Batanga incamake yimikorere igoye, ifasha ubucuruzi kumenya aho iterambere ryogutezimbere, guhanga udushya, no kugabura umutungo. Ubu bushishozi buramenyesha ibikorwa byingenzi byingenzi nko kwagura isoko, guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, cyangwa gukora neza.

Icyifuzo Cyingenzi # 1: Kudoda Amashusho Kubireba Abafatanyabikorwa

Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka nziza mu mikorere y’amakuru ategurwa ni uguhuza ibisubizo ku byifuzo byihariye by’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye:

• Abayobozi na C-Suite : Abayobozi bakeneye incamake yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ingamba rusange yibanze ku bipimo by'ingenzi by'ubucuruzi nko kuzamuka kwinjiza, inyungu zunguka, no gukora neza muri rusange. Iyerekwa rishyira imbere ubworoherane, ryemerera abafata ibyemezo kubona inzira n'ibendera ry'umutuku iyo urebye. Ikibaho cyibiganiro byerekana incamake yimikorere mumikorere cyangwa uturere kandi bikerekana iterambere rigana ku ntego zingenzi zifatika ni ingirakamaro cyane. Abayobozi bungukirwa no gushobora gucukumbura ibipimo bimwe na bimwe, ariko mugihe ari ngombwa gusuzuma imikorere yo murwego rwo hejuru.
• Ubuyobozi Bukuru : Abayobozi n'abayobozi bakuru bakeneye amashusho yerekana intego zifatika hamwe nibikorwa bifatika, akenshi byibanda kubikorwa byo murwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ibipimo byihariye KPIs. Kurugero, barashobora gukurikirana imikorere yibicuruzwa, kugurisha mukarere, cyangwa kunyurwa kwabakiriya mubice. Ikibaho cyibikorwa bitanga imyitozo kumakuru arambuye, nkibikorwa byakozwe mukarere cyangwa umurongo wibicuruzwa, bifasha abayobozi bakuru kumenya imigendekere no gukora intego zingenzi.
• Abayobozi bo mu rwego rwo hagati : Abayobozi bo mu rwego rwo hejuru bashinzwe guhindura ingamba mu bikorwa bya buri munsi, bityo bakungukira ku kibaho gifite urwego rwo hejuru rwa granularity. Amashusho yabo akunze gushimangira itsinda cyangwa inzira yihariye y'ibipimo, ibafasha gukurikirana imikorere, umusaruro, n'intego zihuse. Kurugero, umuyobozi ushinzwe kugurisha ashobora gukurikirana imikorere yabagize itsinda, mugihe umuyobozi ushinzwe umusaruro ashobora kureba ibipimo byihuta nubwiza. Ibihe nyabyo kandi nubushobozi bwo gushungura amakuru mubyiciro (urugero, itsinda, inzira) bibemerera gukemura ibibazo vuba.
• Abayobozi bayobora hamwe nabagenzuzi : Abagenzuzi nitsinda riyobora bishingikiriza kumashusho arambuye, mugihe nyacyo cyo kuyobora imikorere yumuntu kugiti cye. Ikibaho gitanga ibipimo byerekana igipimo cyo kurangiza imirimo, ubwiza bwibisohoka, hamwe nintego zigihe gito nibyingenzi muguhindura byihuse no gutera inkunga abagize itsinda. Muri serivisi zabakiriya, nkurugero, umugenzuzi ashobora gukurikirana igihe cyo gusubiza hamwe nigipimo cyibisubizo mugihe nyacyo, bigatuma ibisubizo byihuse kubibazo bivuka.
• Abakozi b'imbere : Ku bakozi bakorana mu buryo butaziguye n'abakiriya, batanga ibicuruzwa, cyangwa bakora imirimo y'ibanze, amashusho agomba kugerwaho kandi agamije imirimo. Ibipimo byoroshye, igihe-nyacyo, nkibipimo byumusaruro ku giti cye cyangwa amanota yo guhaza abakiriya, bifasha abakozi bambere kumva ingaruka zabo no guhuza ibikorwa byabo nintego nini. Kurugero, umukozi wunganira abakiriya ashobora kubona amanota yibitekerezo bya buri munsi, mugihe umukozi wuruganda ashobora gukurikirana ibicuruzwa byakozwe mugihe nyacyo.

Muguhuza amashusho kubisabwa kuri buri rwego rwumuteguro, ibigo birashobora guteza imbere guhuza, gufasha gufata ibyemezo, no kwemeza ko ubushishozi bushyigikira intego zifatika nibikorwa mubikorwa byubuyobozi. Ntidushobora kuvuga ko agaciro katanzwe na raporo cyangwa ikibaho gifitanye isano itaziguye nubushobozi bwacyo bwo gufasha abumva gufata ingamba . Umubare rusange wimibare isaba gusobanurwa nabateze amatwi bizatera imikoranire mibi - guta igihe cyuwitezimbere hamwe numwanya wabuze wo gutanga agaciro mubucuruzi.

Icyitonderwa cyingenzi # 2: Hitamo Igishushanyo Cyiza

Data Visualisation akenshi ni ugutanga inkuru yukuri kuburyo ubutumwa bwakiriwe nababumva butayobya, budasobanutse, cyangwa, bubi, butari bwo. Tumaze gusuzuma ibyo abakwumva bakeneye, imyitozo ikurikira irakurikizwa:

Ubworoherane hejuru yuburemere: rimwe mumahame shingiro yo kubona neza ni ubworoherane . Intego yibiboneka ni ugusibanganya amakuru akomeye muburyo bworoshye gusobanura, utiriwe urenga abareba. Irinde akajagari ukuraho ibintu bitari ngombwa nkibishushanyo mbonera cyangwa ibimenyetso birenze urugero birangaza ubutumwa bwibanze. Mugihe utegura amashusho, burigihe ubaze: iki kintu gifasha kumenyekanisha amakuru neza, cyangwa byongera urujijo?

• Imyitozo myiza : Koresha ibishushanyo bisukuye, minimalist yibanda kumibare ubwayo, aho gukoresha stile cyangwa ingaruka. Guto ni byinshi cyane mugihe cyo gukora amakuru yumvikana.
• Umutego rusange : Kugerageza 'kuba byose kubantu bose' mubisanzwe bivamo kurema ikintu gikomeye cyane kidakorera abumva neza.

Guhitamo Kubona neza: ubwoko butandukanye bwamakuru busaba ubwoko butandukanye bwamashusho. Imbonerahamwe ya pie, kurugero, nibyiza kwerekana ibipimo, mugihe umurongo ushushanya nibyiza kwerekana ibyerekezo mugihe. Guhitamo ubwoko butari bwo bwo kubona ibintu bishobora kugusobanurira nabi cyangwa kubura ibisobanuro.

• Imyitozo myiza : Huza iyerekwa na miterere yamakuru:
  • Imbonerahamwe y'utubari : Gereranya ingano mu byiciro.
  • Igishushanyo cyumurongo : Erekana inzira mugihe.
  • Gutatanya ibibanza : Erekana umubano cyangwa isano hagati y'ibihinduka.
  • Ubushyuhe : Garagaza ubukana cyangwa inshuro muri datasets.
• Umutego rusange: Gukoresha imbonerahamwe ikomatanya mugerageza kugereranya ibipimo bibiri bishobora kuvamo ntabwo byoroshye gusoma. Ibicapo bibiri-byahinduwe neza birashobora kuba byiza kuruta kimwe.

Gukoresha Ibara: ibara rishobora kuba igikoresho gikomeye cyo gushimangira ingingo zingenzi zamakuru cyangwa gukurura ibitekerezo kubushishozi bwingenzi. Ariko, gukoresha nabi amabara nabyo birashobora kuyobya cyangwa gutera urujijo. Buri gihe ukoreshe ibara ufite intego, urebe neza ko ihuza namakuru ushaka gushimangira kandi igakomeza kugera kubantu bose, harimo nabafite amabara.

• Imyitozo myiza : Gabanya amabara yawe palette kumabara make yingenzi. Koresha amabara atandukanye kugirango ugaragaze ingingo zingenzi ariko wirinde kurenza urugero mumashusho afite amabara menshi. Menya neza ko amashusho yawe afite amabara meza ukoresheje amabara akomatanya ashobora gutandukanywa nababareba bose. Ishirahamwe ryanyu rirashobora kugira umurongo ngenderwaho cyangwa ibipimo byashyizweho byerekana imikorere myiza cyangwa mibi. Emera ibi kugirango ushoboze abasomyi gusobanura byoroshye imikorere kuva raporo imwe kugeza kurindi.
• Umutego rusange : Irinde gukoresha 'moderi' gukoresha amabara nuburyo (inyuma yumukara, inkingi ya 3d, nibindi) aho ibyo bitandukanye nibipimo byubuyobozi kuko ibi bitanga izindi nzitizi kubafatanyabikorwa basanzwe baterwa ubwoba namakuru hamwe n’ibibaho.

Irinde Kuyobya Amashusho: biroroshye kuyobya utabishaka kubireba hamwe n'amashusho yerekana, cyane cyane iyo ibintu biboneka bikabije cyangwa bitagereranijwe. Gukoresha umunzani, amashoka, cyangwa ibipimo birashobora gutuma inzira zisa nkizifite akamaro kurenza, biganisha ku myanzuro itari yo.

• Imyitozo myiza : Buri gihe menya neza ko amashoka yapimwe neza, kandi ibipimo byerekanwe neza. Irinde guca amashoka keretse bibaye ngombwa, kandi wandike neza ibintu byose bidasanzwe mumibare.
• Umutego rusange : Birashobora kugerageza guhindura amashusho kugirango berekane ikintu aho kuba ubusa. Ariko, ibivugwamo nibintu byose mugihe usobanura imikorere hamwe no kugabanuka kwinjiza mumafaranga yigihembwe mugihe ibikorwa byumwaka biri munzira ntibigomba guhinduka ibirangaza abumva bashobora kuba bafite ibibazo byinshi mubikorwa kandi bazakira urutonde rwibipimo byerekana 'ntugahangayikishwe nibi Kuri ubu '.

Context and Labeling: igishushanyo mbonera cyateguwe neza kigomba kumvikana ukireba, ariko kandi gikeneye imiterere kugirango gitange ibisobanuro byuzuye. Ibi birimo ibirango bisobanutse kandi bisobanutse, imigani, numutwe usobanura icyo amakuru yerekana n'impamvu bifite akamaro. Kwandika neza ni ngombwa mu kuyobora abareba binyuze mumashusho, kubafasha gusobanukirwa isano iri hagati yamakuru atandukanye.

• Imyitozo myiza : Shyiramo umutwe usobanura incamake y'ingenzi ifatwa ry'imbonerahamwe kandi urebe ko amashoka yose hamwe namakuru yatanzwe neza.
• Umutego Rusange : Gukoresha ibirango byinshi byuzuyemo agaciro k'abavuga amateka y'amashusho nko muri Simplicity vs Complexity hejuru.

Imyitwarire yimyitwarire: mugihe ushushanya amakuru, ni ngombwa gukomeza gukorera mu mucyo no kwitwara neza. Ibi bivuze kwerekana amakuru mubyukuri, utabanje kuyakoresha cyangwa kuyagoreka kugirango uhuze inkuru runaka. Imyitwarire yimyitwarire ikubiyemo no kuzirikana ibibazo byihariye, cyane cyane iyo ugereranya amakuru yihariye.

• Imyitozo myiza : Shyira imbere amakuru atamenyekanye mugihe ugereranya amakuru yoroheje kugirango urinde ubuzima bwite. Gukorera mu mucyo kubyerekeye amakuru yatanzwe, imipaka, n'intego yo kubonerana bifasha kubaka ikizere no kugabanya ingaruka zimyitwarire.
• Imitego Rusange : Igenzura rusange ntabwo ari ukumenyekanisha amakuru yihariye cyangwa guteranya amakuru muburyo bushobora kwerekana nkana abaturage batishoboye.

Kugerwaho: igishushanyo cyiza gikubiyemo gutuma amashusho yawe agera kubantu benshi bashoboka. Ibi bivuze kwemeza ko imbonerahamwe n'ibishushanyo bishobora kumvikana byoroshye nababareba bafite ubumuga, nk'abafite amabara cyangwa ubumuga bwo kutabona. Kwinjizamo amahame agenga igishushanyo ntagizwe gusa ahubwo binongera ubwumvikane kubareba bose.

• Imyitozo myiza : Koresha amabara atandukanye cyane kandi wirinde kwishingikiriza gusa kumabara kugirango utandukanye ibyiciro. Ongeraho alt-inyandiko kubasomyi ba ecran, kandi urebe ko amashusho yawe asomwa muri graycale mugihe ibara atari amahitamo.
• Imitego isanzwe : Kwirengagiza kugerwaho mugushaka gukora amashusho neza. Ongeraho ibintu byinshi byo gushushanya cyangwa kwishingikiriza kumabara byonyine birashobora gutuma amashusho atagerwaho kubafite ibara ryibara ryibara cyangwa iyerekwa rito, kugabanya gusobanukirwa no gukoreshwa.

Ibi bice byombi byibitekerezo birashobora gutuma amakuru yerekana neza mugihe akozwe mumuryango kandi ni amahame yingirakamaro yo gukurikiza nkuwasesenguye, raporo cyangwa uwashizeho porogaramu, hamwe nabayobozi bashishikajwe no gukoresha amakuru neza mubigo byabo cyangwa mubucuruzi bwabo.

Iyi ngingo yakuwe mu gitabo cyumwanditsi “ Data: Amahame yo Kwimenyereza - Umubumbe wa II 'Isesengura, Ubushishozi & Imyitwarire '” iboneka kugura kuri Amazone mu mpapuro, impapuro zisubira inyuma.