Cypherpunks Andika Kode: Eva Galperin Kurwanya Stalkerware

Cypherpunks ni abunganira ubuzima bwite bateza imbere kandi bagakoresha ibikoresho bifunguye bifata amajwi kugira ngo barwanye ubugenzuzi n’ubugenzuzi ku isi. Ntabwo bose bitabiriye urutonde rwa mbere rwohereza ubutumwa muri 90, ariko baracyafite uruhare runini kurugamba rumwe, bafite ibitekerezo bimwe. Eva Galperin, wabaye umuvugizi ukomeye w’ibanga n’ubwisanzure bwo kuvuga kuri interineti, ashobora gufatwa nkumwe muri bo.

Yavukiye muri Lativiya ku babyeyi b'Abayahudi, ntabwo yari inkuru nziza mbere ya 1990. Lativiya yari iy'Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti b'Abasoviyeti b'Abasoviyeti (SSSR) icyo gihe, na Leta ubwayo yakoraga antisemitism . Umuryango wa Galperin wasabye ubuhungiro muri politiki muri Amerika igihe Abayahudi bari bemerewe kwimuka mu bwisanzure, bityo barimutse i San Francisco, muri Californiya, ahagana mu 1980.

Ishyaka rye ryatangiye hakiri kare, abifashijwemo na se, inzobere mu bijyanye na mudasobwa. Afite imyaka 12 gusa, yakiriye desktop ya Unix / Solaris kandi yahise yinjira mubaturage kumurongo , baganira kubihimbano bya siyanse no gukina imikino yohererezanya inyandiko. We cypherpunk ingengabitekerezo yaza nyuma cyane.

Amaze gukura, Galperin yashyize mu gaciro inyungu za tekiniki hamwe n’amasomo. Yize siyanse ya politiki n’ububanyi n’amahanga muri kaminuza ya Leta ya San Francisco mu gihe yakoraga mu bigo byinshi nk'umuyobozi wa sisitemu ya Unix mu kibaya cya Silicon. Mbere yo kwinjira muri Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) muri 2007, Galperin yarakoze mu Kigo cya Politiki yo muri Amerika n'Ubushinwa. Agezeyo, yateguye inama anakora ubushakashatsi kuri politiki y’ingufu z’Ubushinwa.

Kuri Fondasiyo ya elegitoroniki (EFF)

Fondasiyo ya Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) ni umuryango mpuzamahanga uzwi cyane udaharanira inyungu uharanira uburenganzira bwa digitale, washinzwe mu 1990 n’undi cypherpunk, John Gilmore . Ikemura ibibazo byinshi, uhereye ku kurwanya igenzura rya guverinoma no kurengera ibanga kugeza ubuvugizi kugira ngo habeho kutabogama no kurwanya ruswa. Binyuze mu bikorwa byemewe n'amategeko, umurimo wa politiki, n’uburezi, EFF iremeza ko uburenganzira bw’abantu bwubahirizwa mu isi igenda yiyongera.

Galperin yakoraga muri EFF kuva 2007, akora imirimo itandukanye. Nka we byasobanuwe , yatangiye guhamagara abantu bashaka ubufasha mu by'amategeko EFF itanga, ariko yaje kwimukira mu itsinda riharanira inyungu. Muri 2013, yari Umuhuzabikorwa wabo w’ubwisanzure mu gutanga ibitekerezo.

Kugeza 2015, yatangije a ubukangurambaga bwose hamwe na Jillian York (Umuyobozi wa EFF muri iki gihe ushinzwe ubwisanzure mu gutanga ibitekerezo) mu rwego rwo gukangurira abantu kumenya ingaruka zo gushyira mu bikorwa amazina nyayo kuri interineti, cyane cyane ku banyamakuru, abarwanashyaka, ndetse n'abantu ku butegetsi bw'igitugu bashingira amazina yabo kugira ngo bakomeze umutekano. Ibi byabaye ingingo rusange mubikorwa bye byose: uburezi bwumutekano wa interineti no gufasha abatishoboye. Nka we yarabahamagaye , 'abatari mu cyumba'.

Ati: "Ubwoko bw'umutekano nkunda cyane butangirira ku bantu nshaka kurinda. Bitangirana no gutekereza kubasigaye mubiganiro cyangwa abatari mucyumba. Mbona kandi gukoresha ubuhanga bwanjye bwa tekiniki, guhindura malware, kwerekana nabi, cyangwa amaherezo nkavuza induru mu kigo ariko buri gihe ntangirana n'abantu. ”

Yazamuwe mu ntera agirwa Umuyobozi wa Cybersecurity muri 2017 kandi ayoboye Laboratwari ya EFF guhera muri 2019. Iri tsinda rikora iperereza ku buryo ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ryibasira abaturage batishoboye. Irasuzuma ibibazo nka porogaramu zatewe inkunga na leta, porogaramu zangiza, hamwe n’ingaruka z’ibanga zituruka ku ikusanyamakuru ry’abapolisi, rigamije kurengera uburenganzira bw’ibanga.

Ihuriro Rirwanya Stalkerware

Birababaje rwose kubona abantu benshi bifuza kuneka 'ababo' nkuburyo bwo kugenzura nabi, cyane cyane kubashakanye. Ibyo bita stalkerware byakozwe neza kubwibyo. Iyi ni software mbi yagenewe gukurikirana rwihishwa no gukurikirana ibikorwa byumuntu kuri terefone cyangwa ibindi bikoresho batabizi. Bikunze gukoreshwa nabafatanyabikorwa batukana cyangwa abantu kuneka abahohotewe, kubona amakuru yihariye nkubutumwa, guhamagara, aho uri, n'amateka yo gushakisha. Mubisanzwe washyizweho utabanje kubiherwa uruhushya kandi byihishe, birashobora gutuma ukomeza gutotezwa cyangwa guhohoterwa kumubiri.

Muri Mata 2019, Galperin yarashoboye kwemeza isosiyete ikora umutekano wa cyber Kaspersky Lab kugirango ishyiremo stalkerware nkikibazo kiboneka mubicuruzwa byabo bya antivirus kuri Android. Yasabye kandi Apple gukora nk'ibyo mu Ububiko bwa App kuri iOS, ndetse asaba abayobozi guhagarika porogaramu nk'iyi no gufunga amasosiyete ayikora. Nkuko yabivuze, “Byaba byiza tubonye amwe muri ayo masosiyete yahagaritswe. Byaba byiza tubonye abantu bamwe bajya muri gereza. "

Galperin ntiyagarukiye aho, nubwo. Ugushyingo 2019, yashinze Ihuriro Rirwanya Stalkerware , ushyigikiwe n’inzego nyinshi z’umutekano wa interineti n’imiryango irwanya ihohoterwa. Batanga amahugurwa, ubuyobozi bwa tekiniki, nibikoresho byuburezi kubahohotewe, imiryango iharanira ubuvugizi, nabashinzwe umutekano. Byongeye kandi, Ihuriro rikora kunoza gutahura no gukumira stalkerware mugushiraho uburyo bwiza no kongera ubushobozi bwa serivisi zifasha.

Ahanini tubikesha iki gikorwa cyo gukangurira abantu, komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi muri Amerika muri Amerika yatangiye kwita cyane kuri stalkerware nkibangamira abahohotewe. Babujije uruganda rukora intasi Inkunga King mu 2021 kandi batekereza gukoresha ibihano nk’ibi bigo ndetse n’abayobozi bayo. Galperin yabitekereje intsinzi ikomeye kubwimpamvu.

Amabanga natwe kuri twe

Hariho abantu nka Eva Galperin barwanya ubugenzuzi nubugenzuzi kwisi yose, badushiraho kandi baduha ibikoresho bya digitale kugirango tubungabunge ubuzima bwacu nubwisanzure kumurongo. Nubwo, nkuko ari yagize icyo atangaza , urugamba rugomba gutangirana natwe ubwacu.

Ati: “Ntekereza ko kwiyongera k'uburenganzira bwa digitale 'ibintu' bitangaje. Ntabwo turi bonyine muri iyi ntambara - mu bihugu byose ku isi hari abayoboke benshi… ariko kandi bivuze ko tugomba guhagurukira guharanira uburenganzira bwacu bwose, kandi ntitwivuguruze. ”

Mugukoresha ibikoresho bya digitale biboneka kugirango turinde ubuzima bwite bwa interineti, turashobora kugenzura amakuru yacu bwite no kurinda umudendezo. Ibi birashobora kuba byoroshye nko kwemeza itumanaho ryabitswe, ukoresheje VPN, cyangwa gushakisha uburyo bwo kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage. Ibi bikoresho bigufasha kurwanya gukurikiranwa no kugenzura udashaka, kwemeza ko ijwi ryawe n'ibikorwa byawe biguma byihariye kandi bifite umutekano.

Igikoresho kimwe gikomeye muri uyu mwanya ni Obyte , urubuga rwegerejwe abaturage rwubatswe ku cyerekezo cya Acyclic Graph (DAG). Bitandukanye na blocain, Obyte itanga urusobekerane rwibanga rwibinyabuzima aho abakoresha bashobora kwimura amafaranga no kubika amakuru neza, nta bahuza cyangwa babuza. Igishushanyo cyacyo gitanga ibicuruzwa byizewe mumurongo wegerejwe abaturage, bitanga umwanya ufunguye kubantu bose babigiramo uruhare. Byongeye kandi, abitezimbere bakoresha Obyte kubaka porogaramu nshya barashobora gutanga umusanzu wibidukikije byigenga, umutekano, nubuntu.