Building a RESTful API Service in Go Without Having Repetitive Boilerplate

There are a lot of materials about how to write services, where at first you need to choose some framework to use, then comes wiring of handlers, configs, logs, storage, etc, not to mention deploying that service somewhere. We’ve been writing services for quite some time and more often than not you’d just want to skip all this tedious process of gluing stuff together and just write some useful code.

That’s why we created a tool, called Mify — it’s an open-source infrastructure boilerplate generator, which would help you build a service, taking the best practices used to date. So in this tutorial, we’ll show how to create a simple service using Mify with a classic example — a to-do app.

Prerequisites

• Install Go 1.18+, Docker

• Get Mify from our GitHub: https://github.com/mify-io/mify

• Install Postman or curl to test endpoints

  
  

Before starting this tutorial, here’s the link to the complete example: https://github.com/mify-io/todo-app-example

Creating Project

After installing Mify, to start the project you need to create the workspace:

$ mify init todo-app
$ cd todo-app

After getting into the new workspace, run:

$ mify add service todo-backend

Now, this will create a Go template for your to-do backend. Here’s a simplified tree of the workspace with all generated files:

.
├── go-services
│   ├── cmd
│   │   ├── dev-runner
│   │   │   └── main.go
│   │   └── todo-backend
│   │       ├── Dockerfile
│   │       └── main.go
│   ├── go.mod
│   ├── go.sum
│   └── internal
│       ├── pkg
│       │   └── generated
│       │       ├── configs
│       │       │   └── ...
│       │       ├── consul
│       │       │   └── ...
│       │       ├── logs
│       │       │   └── ...
│       │       └── metrics
│       │           └── ...
│       └── todo-backend
│           ├── app
│           │   ├── request_extra.go
│           │   ├── router
│           │   │   └── router.go
│           │   └── service_extra.go
│           └── generated
│               ├── api
|               |   └── ...
│               ├── app
│               │   └── ...
│               ├── apputil
│               │   └── ...
│               └── core
│                   └── ...
├── schemas
│   └── todo-backend
│       ├── api
│       │   └── api.yaml
│       └── service.mify.yaml
└── workspace.mify.yaml

Mify loosely follows one of the common Go layouts, which is suitable for multiple services in one repository. In internal/pkg/generated there are common libraries for configs, logs, and metrics that can be reused for multiple services. Your service go-to directory is in internal/todo-backend .

At this point this service is pretty bare, so we need to add API to it.

Defining API

You can find the OpenAPI schema for the todo-backend in schemas/todo-backend/api/api.yaml file. Schemas directory in the root of the workspace is a place where all service configs related to Mify are stored.

Let’s create a simple CRUD API for your todo backend:

• POST /todos for adding new to-do notes.
• PUT,GET,DELETE /todos/{id} for updating, retrieving, and deleting them.

• 
  

Here’s how your OpenAPI schema would look for this API:

https://gist.github.com/chebykinn/5dc7b30a2a57a1ab4584895131295e1f

Replace the previous schema with this one and run mify generate . You can run it each time you update the schema and it will regenerate all the changed stuff.

Building and Testing

$ cd go-services
$ go mod tidy
$ go run ./cmd/todo-backend

You should see startup logs like that:

You can see the service port in starting api server log message, copy it to Postman, and try calling some API handler:

You can see that the handler returned nothing, which is expected because as the error suggests, it’s not implemented yet.

Adding Models and Mock Storage

First, we need to create a model for the todo note, we’ll put it in the domain package

in go-services/internal/todo-backend/domain/todo.go :

This is also a good place to define the interface for storage, which is useful for decoupling persistence logic from the application. In this tutorial, we’ll use mock storage, in memory, but Mify also supports Postgres, which we can add later in a follow-up article. Let’s put storage in go-services/internal/todo-backend/storage/todo_mem.go:

That’s all for logic, we just need to add it to handlers.

Implementing Handlers

go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers/todos/service.go for POST method, and

go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers/todos/id/service.go for others.

Here’s an example of a stub of the POST method:

Now, let’s implement all handlers.

go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers/todos/service.go :

Don’t forget to update imports:

import (
 "net/http"
 "strconv"

 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/domain"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/api"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/apputil"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/core"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers"
)

go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers/todos/id/service.go :

And here are imports for them as well:

import (
 "errors"
 "fmt"
 "net/http"
 "strconv"

 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/domain"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/api"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/apputil"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/generated/core"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers"
 "example.com/namespace/todo-app/go-services/internal/todo-backend/storage"
)

The handler’s logic is pretty simple, we’re just converting generated OpenAPI models to our application one and back, and to avoid duplication in code, here’s a helper for creating a TodoNode response, which is used in these implementations:

go-services/internal/todo-backend/handlers/common.go :

Testing Again

First, we can add a new todo note with a POST request:

Check if it is added with a GET request:

Update it with a PUT request:

Delete it:

And run GET once again to check if it was deleted:

What’s Next

• Persistent storage, like Postgres,

• Configuration,

• Authentication middleware,

• Deployment to the cloud.

  
  

Most of this stuff is covered in our docs, so check them out: https://mify.io/docs, but stay tuned for the next articles.

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