10 Factors to Consider Before Relocating: A Comprehensive Guide for Job Seekers

The lead image for this article was generated by HackerNoon's AI Image Generator via the prompt "World map with dollar signs above most expensive countries"

The software engineering industry has witnessed significant growth in recent times. While most work can now be done remotely, there are still occasions when companies require employees to relocate. Therefore, before applying for jobs and accepting offers, developers and their families need to carefully consider the pros and cons of each specific case. Moving to another country for work and life is always challenging, and these decisions are not to be taken lightly. As someone who has lived in multiple countries so far, including Sweden and the UK, I believe my experiences can provide useful insights for others who are still in the decision-making stage. In this article, I have compiled a list of the top ten factors that should be taken into consideration.

1. Language

Relocating to another country inevitably involves a change in language, unless it is a country that shares the same language as your home country, such as the UK, US, or Australia. English has become the international business language, so if you are working for an international company, communication will likely be conducted in English. However, for smaller companies and daily life outside of work, this may not be the case. Depending on the country you are moving to, language barriers can pose challenges.

Learning a new language can be difficult and time-consuming, and it is crucial to consider the impact it will have on all family members. Language barriers can affect socialisation, as well as everyday tasks like grocery shopping. Some countries, such as Canada and Switzerland, have multiple official languages, so it is important to research the language situation in your destination country.

2. Tax System

Working abroad for an international company may seem enticing in terms of salary. The numbers can be impressive, with salaries sometimes being two to three times higher than the average in your home country. Various resources, such as levels.fyi and glassdoor.co.uk, can provide information on average salary levels for specific areas of expertise within the software development field. However, it is important to note that a higher salary does not always translate into a higher net or take-home amount. In some cases, higher annual salaries may result in higher taxes due to progressive tax rates. Understanding the tax system of the country you are moving to can be complex, with numerous conditions to consider. It is advisable to consult with an accountant who specialiіes in the tax laws of the country or make use of online tax calculators. Accountants can also provide broader advice on tax optimisation.

3. Medical System

Similar to taxes, the medical system varies from country to country. Regardless of age or circumstances, no one is immune to health issues or injuries. If you have specific medical conditions that require constant medication or treatment, it is crucial to consider the medical system of your destination country. Before relocating, thoroughly investigate the healthcare facilities, quality of care, and accessibility to ensure it meets your needs.

4. Job Security

Job security is closely tied to local labor laws and the job market. Feeling protected from layoffs and job losses is important, especially in times of economic uncertainty. However, under certain conditions, companies still have the ability to make employees redundant or terminate their contracts for policy or law violations, which can impact future employments. Each country has specific laws that govern layoffs and the severance package employees are entitled to. Understanding the job security landscape, including the terms of your employment contract and visa conditions, is essential.

5. Cost of Living

Having a clear understanding of the average salary level and estimated tax deductions allows you to calculate your net or take-home salary.

This forms the basis for all subsequent monthly expenses, such as rent, utilities, and other local fees. Additionally, the cost of food, transportation, shopping, and personal expenses can vary significantly from country to country. Utilising resources that provide average expenses per person per month, like numbeo.com or expatistan.com, can be highly beneficial in gaining a better understanding of the overall cost of living.

6. Cultural Differences

Moving to a different country means encountering people from diverse nationalities in the same area. People migrate to safer and better countries for various reasons and have been doing so for generations. In cosmopolitan cities like London, Paris, or New York, adjusting to this mix of cultures is essential for fitting into society and the work environment. While workplaces often embrace cultural differences and accept individuals with their unique perspectives and qualities, personal adjustments are necessary to foster understanding and improve work-life conditions. Tolerance and inclusion are prioritised in large companies and cities.

7. Crime Rates

Feeling safe in your new country or city is of utmost importance and is sometimes underestimated during the decision-making process. Researching dedicated web resources that provide information on crime rates can help you gauge the safety level of your destination. It is important to note that the definition of crime and tolerance for specific actions vary across cultures and legal systems, so it is best to familiarise yourself with this topic in advance.

8. Infrastructure and City Planning

City planning plays a crucial role in ensuring a comfortable life. While it may be challenging to stay updated on country-level infrastructure developments, focusing on city-level planning is more attainable. Besides transportation infrastructure, including systems within and connecting to the city, museums, shopping malls, and recreational areas, urban planning also encompasses green zones, parks, and squares.

9. Job Market State and Opportunities for Future Growth

In the current global economic climate, the job search process has become more complicated. With companies downsizing and job openings decreasing, the market is saturated with professionals vying for the same positions or even fewer opportunities. The situation varies across different countries due to local legislation and employer practices. Thoroughly researching the job market in your potential destination country is essential to assess the opportunities for future career growth.

10. Ease of Obtaining Citizenship or Visa

Citizenship can be a fascinating bonus or a required condition during the job search and relocation process. Depending on the local laws, visa requirements, and other factors, it may be possible to obtain citizenship in the country of employment after a defined period of time. Review the relevant sections on immigration laws in the destination country to understand the requirements and possibilities.

Bonus Point: Ecology

Ecology might be a critical factor for individuals with specific medical conditions. While it generally receives less attention, factors such as air pollution, light pollution, and other environmental concerns can significantly impact quality of life. Depending on country legislation and local regulations, specific measures may be in place to enhance comfort, including waste sorting, strict requirements for personal transportation, and entry limitations in certain areas.

Final Thoughts

In summary, making the decision to move to another country is not always an easy one. It requires thorough preparation, such as interviews, contract signings, visa applications, and the actual move itself. If you find yourself facing a challenging decision and must consider multiple factors beforehand, I hope this article has provided you with valuable insights to aid in your decision-making process.