I-EIP-7623: Isiphakamiso Esizophinda Intengo I-Calldata Yemisebenzi ye-Ethereum

Ukuthengiselana kweBlockchain kudla i-CPU, inkumbulo, isitoreji, nezinye izinsiza lapho kusakazwa, kwenziwa phakathi kwama-node, futhi zigcinwa. Ngakho-ke, amanani afanele okwenziwayo abalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ukusetshenziswa kabi kwenethiwekhi futhi kuzuzwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngendlela efanele.

Kodwa-ke, ukunquma amanani entengo afanele okwenziwayo kube yinselelo ende ekwakhiweni kwephrothokholi ye-blockchain. U-Vitalik Buterin, umsunguli we-Ethereum, uthinta lolu daba kumbhalo omdala wocwaningo :

Enye yezinkinga eziyinselelo enkulu ekwakhiweni kwephrothokholi ye-blockchain indlela yokukhawulela kanye nentengo yokuthunyelwa kokuthengiselana okufakwa kuchungechunge. " - Vitalik Buterin

I-EIP-7623 i-Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) ehlose ukushintsha intengo ye-calldata ukuze kukhawulwe usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu. Ngokungafani neziphakamiso zangaphambilini ezivele zenyusa izindleko ze-calldata, i-EIP-7623 igxile ekwehliseni umthelela wayo emisebenzini yansuku zonke yabasebenzisi ngenkathi ifinyelela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngendlela efanele.

Kulesi sihloko, sichaza isizathu sokubuyisela i-calldata esetshenziswa ukuthengiselana ku-Ethereum Layer 1 (L1) kanye nomthelela kumasayizi we-block kanye nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Siphinde sisungule umongo wezinguquko ezihlongozwayo endleleni yezindleko zokuthengiselana ze-Ethereum, kusukela eminyakeni yocwaningo ukuya enkingeni yamanani asebenzayo ezinsiza ze-blockchain.

Ake sicwilise!

Ukusetha Isiteji: Kungani Kunzima Kangaka Ukuthengiselana Kwentengo Ngokufanele?

Izindleko ze-blockchain zinzima ngoba ukulinganisa inani eliqondile lensiza ngayinye esetshenziswayo ngakunye kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwemvelo. Njengamanje, e-Ethereum, zonke izinsiza zimelelwe njengamayunithi ahlanganisiwe abizwa ngokuthi "igesi" kanye "negesi ye-blob" (eyethulwe nge -EIP-4844 ).

Kunemithetho echazwe ngaphambilini eguqula ukusetshenziswa kwensiza yokwenziwayo ibe igesi, futhi le mithetho ibuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Izibonelo zale mithetho zifaka:

• Umsebenzi ongenisa i-overhead elungisiwe okungenani yegesi engu-21,000, ngokuyinhloko yokuqinisekisa isiginesha

• Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi okuchazwe ngaphambilini kwe-opcode ngayinye ye-EVM

  
  

Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwegesi kwe-calldata kuyingxenye ebalulekile yale mithetho, engaziwa kakhulu kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Intengo ye-Calldata ibalulekile ngoba ithonya ngokuqondile ubukhulu bosayizi webhulokhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Kuthinta konke okwenziwayo kusetshenziswa izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, ikakhulukazi ezithinta izindleko ze-rollup transaction ezincike esikhaleni se-calldata—kunama-blobs— ngokutholakala kwedatha .

Kungani Usayizi Wokuvimba Ubalulekile?

I-Ethereum isebenza ngezikhala ze-12-second, lapho wonke ama-validator node kufanele asakaze amabhlogo nama-blobs, enze futhi aqinisekise ukuthengiselana, futhi afakazele ibhulokhi entsha. Ngokuqondile, ukuqaliswa kweklayenti le-Ethereum kudinga ama-node athembekile ukuze athole futhi aqinisekise amabhlogo phakathi kwemizuzwana yokuqala ye-4 ye-slot. Bafakaza ngamasekhondi angu-4 endaweni, okusho ukuthi amabhulokhi afika ngemva kwamasekhondi angu-4 alindeleke ukuthi angatholi ubufakazi futhi angase ahlelwe kabusha ngumhlongozi olandelayo .

Ukuze unciphise imibono ehlukene phakathi kwama-node e-Ethereum, isikhathi sokwenza vimba kanye nesikhathi sokusabalalisa sidinga ukuvalwa. I-Ethereum ikhawulela isikhathi sokwenza ibhulokhi ngokubeka ukusetshenziswa kwegesi okuphezulu, okwamanje okufakwe ku-30 million okuhloswe kwezigidi ezingu-15 . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amabhulokhi e-Ethereum azosebenzisa igesi engu-~ 15M ngokwesilinganiso, enekhono lokukhulisa nokusebenzisa igesi engu-30M ngezikhathi zomsebenzi ophezulu.

Futhi, i-opcode ngayinye ye-EVM inezindleko zegesi ezinqunywe kusengaphambili ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kwensiza. Isibonelo, i -opcode ye-SSTORE ibiza kakhulu kunemisebenzi elula (isb., ukuhlanganisa i-arithmetic—ADD) ngoba ihlanganisa ukufinyelela nokulungisa i-trie yesifunda. Le ntengo ehlukanisiwe yama-opcode we-EVM, kanye nenani eliphelele lomkhawulo wegesi, okuhloswe ngalo ukukhawulela isikhathi sokusebenza esiphelele.

Ngenkathi umkhawulo wegesi webhulokhi ungacindezela ngandlela thile isikhathi sokwenziwa kwebhulokhi, isikhathi sokusabalalisa ibhulokhi sihlala singavinjelwe ngokusobala. Usayizi we-block uyisici esikhulu esithinta isikhathi sokusabalalisa kuma-blockchains omphakathi. Isibonelo, osayizi abakhulu bebhulokhi bakhulisa umthwalo wenethiwekhi kanye nezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa; uma usayizi we-block udlula kakhulu umkhawulokudonsa wama-node amaningi, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ama-node asakaze ngokugcwele futhi athole i-block-ephakamisa ingozi yamabhulokhi aphuthelwe noma ahlelwe kabusha. (Kungakho umthetho olandelwayo we-Bitcoin (pre- Segwit ) wawunomkhawulo kasayizi webhulokhi ongu-1 MB ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhuphuka kwamazinga emfoloko nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nezidingo eziphansi ze-node ye-blockchain.)

Njengamanje i-Ethereum, awukho umkhawulo kasayizi webhulokhi osethwe ngokucacile. Kodwa-ke, usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu wethiyori ungalinganiswa ngokucabangela umkhawulo wegesi, izindleko ze-calldata, izinga lokucindezelwa, njll. Nakuba usayizi webhulokhi wamanje we-Ethereum ingu-~2.78 MB (ngaphandle kwama-blobs), intengo yamanje ye-calldata ivumela ukulayishwa kwe-EL okufika ku-7.15 MB, kuyilapho usayizi omaphakathi mncane kakhulu, cishe u-100 KB.

Uma ukulayishwa okukhulu okunjalo bekusatshalaliswa njalo ngemizuzu eyi-10, bekungaba cishe ku-42.9 MB, okukhudlwana kakhulu kunosayizi bebhulokhi abajwayelekile kwamanye amanethiwekhi e-blockchain.

Lokhu kungase kukwazi ukulayisha ngokweqile inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum futhi kubangele ukuthi ama-node abe nokubukwa okuhlukile isikhathi esifushane esimweni sokuhlasela se-DoS lapho ukulayishwa kwe-7.15 MB kuqhubeka isikhashana.

Ngokwenza, isilinganiso sosayizi we-block e-Ethereum namuhla sicishe sibe ngu-125 KB, okubonisa igebe elibalulekile kusukela kusayizi webhulokhi omkhulu. Lokhu kuphakamisa okunye ukukhathazeka mayelana nokungasebenzi kahle kokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Isibonelo, uma inethiwekhi ingakwazi ukusingatha ngokwanele amabhulokhi angu-1 MB ngokulandelana, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kosayizi webhulokhi ojwayelekile kanye no-1 MB uphakamisa ukuthi i-Ethereum inomthamo owengeziwe wokusebenza Kokutholakala Kwedatha (DA) kodwa ayisebenzisi ngokuphumelelayo.

Ngokukhawulela usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu futhi uqondanise usayizi webhulokhi omaphakathi eduze nalokhu okuphezulu, i-Ethereum inganciphisa izingozi zokuvumelana ngenkathi ifinyelela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngokuphumelelayo. Yingakho i-EIP-7623 igxila kusayizi omkhulu webhulokhi ongase ube khona, othintwa kakhulu amanani entengo ye-calldata.

Iyini i-Calldata ku-Ethereum?

I-Calldata iyinkambu kumsebenzi ovame ukusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi okufanele ishayelwe nokuthi yiziphi izinhlaka okufanele zidlule. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukwenza i-NFT, ufaka indlela ye-'mint' nezici ezithile ze-NFT endaweni ye-calldata. Isibonelo esilandelayo sibonisa umsebenzi wokuqala we-mint we-CryptoPunk ngo-2017.

I-calldata (okubhekiselwa kuyo 'njengedatha yokokufaka' emfanekisweni) iqukethe igama lomsebenzi getPunk , elimelwe yi-0xc81d1d5b, kanye nenkomba ye-NFT, emelwe ngu-0x00001eb0 (7856 nge-hexadecimal). Uma udlulisela i-ETH kuphela futhi ungaxhumani nanoma iyiphi inkontileka ehlakaniphile, inkambu ye-calldata iyize ( 0x ).

Ngaphandle kwenhloso yayo eyinhloko yokudlulisa amapharamitha kuzinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, i-calldata iphinde isetshenziselwe ukurekhoda amamemo alula noma ngama-rollups agcina idatha yawo yokwenziwe. Ngamanye amazwi, i-calldata ayidingi njalo ukusebenzisana nezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile noma ukulandela imithetho eqinile; ingaqukatha amanani angafanele.

Ukusebenzisa lokhu kuvumelana nezimo, ama-rollups anethemba afana ne-Optimism ne-Arbitrum, amanye ama-rollups e-ZK (ukufaneleka), idatha yokwenziwe ye-rollup ecindezelwe, nezimo ezibuyekeziwe kunkambu ye-calldata yokulandelana kwazo kokwenziwe. Nakuba i-EIP-4844 inike amandla ukutholakala kwedatha ngama -blobs esikhundleni se-calldata, i-calldata isancanyelwa ama-rollup amancane angadingi u-128 KB ogcwele we-blob yenqwaba eyodwa.

I-Calldata ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukusebenza kwe-DA ngoba iyindlela encane edla igesi yokuthumela idatha enkulu ku-EVM. Yingakho ubukhulu besayizi yebhulokhi buvinjelwa intengo ye-calldata. Isimo esibi kakhulu senzeka lapho ibhulokhi igcwaliswa nge-DA-purpose transactions esebenzisa amanani amancane egesi kodwa amasayizi amakhulu wedatha.

Njengamanje, izindleko ze-calldata yigesi engu-4 ngoziro byte kanye negesi engu-16 ngebhayithi ngayinye engeyona uziro. I-Calldata ingacindezelwa kusetshenziswa ukucindezela kwe-snappy ( EIP-706 ), futhi usayizi wokwenziwe awukwazi ukudlula u-125 KB. Ukubalwa okunembile kobukhulu bosayizi webhulokhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yemvelo ehlukahlukene yezilinganiso zokucindezela, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi ibhulokhi ingakhuphuka ifike ku-~2.78 MB.

Uma amabhulokhi angu-2.78 MB eqhubeka ngokulandelana ngenxa yezizathu ezithile (isb, ukuhlaselwa kogaxekile), inethiwekhi ingase igcwale kakhulu, futhi ama-node angase abe nokubukwa okuhlukene ngenxa yesivinini esiphansi sokusakaza. Ama-node engeziwe angase afakazele amabhlogo ahlukene njengeketango le-canonical, okwandisa ingozi yokungafinyeleli ukuvumelana. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, isisombululo esilula singaba ukukhulisa izindleko ze-calldata—isibonelo, ukuphinda kabili izindleko ze-calldata kuya ku-8 gas ngamabhayithi ayiziro kanye negesi engu-32 nge-non-zero byte ngayinye kunganciphisa cishe usayizi webhulokhi ngesigamu.

Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ingalimaza ukuthengiswa komsebenzisi okuvamile. Ukwenyuka kwezindleko ze-calldata ukuze kuvinjwe isimo esibi kakhulu kungase kubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kunenzuzo, uma kubhekwa ukuthi isilinganiso sosayizi webhulokhi okwamanje singu-125 KB kuphela futhi akubangeli ukukhathazeka okukhulu.

Iyini i-Motivation ye-EIP-7623?

I-EIP-7623 ihluke kancane kwezinye iziphakamiso ezimane zikhuphule izindleko ze-calldata. Esikhundleni sokulungiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwenani ledatha ye-calldata, i-EIP-7623 igxile ekwenyuseni izindleko zegesi ngokukhethekile okwenziwayo okubonakala kunikeza izinjongo zokutholakala kwedatha (DA).

Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Uma igesi esetshenziswe ekwenziweni inganele uma kuqhathaniswa nesamba sikasayizi wedatha elayishiwe, ibhekwa njengomsebenzi wenjongo ye-DA futhi ikhokhiswa kakhulu ngedatha yekholi. Ngokuphambene, uma umsebenzi usebenzisa igesi eyanele ngokuqhathaniswa nosayizi wedatha, kuthathwa njengomsebenzi ongewona owe-DA futhi ukhokhiswa ngendlela efanayo nanamuhla.

Isifaniso esiwusizo singadwetshwa phakathi kwe-calldata ku-Ethereum nezikhwama zepulasitiki emhlabeni wangempela. Lapho sithenga imikhiqizo noma igrosa, sivame ukuthola izikhwama zepulasitiki ukuze sizithwale, ngokuvamile ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu noma mahhala. Kodwa-ke, uma abantu bengathenga inani elingenamkhawulo lezikhwama zepulasitiki, kungaba yingozi emvelweni.

Isixazululo esingase sibe khona ukukhawulela izikhwama zepulasitiki kumakhasimende athenga imikhiqizo eyanele noma akhokhise inani eliphakeme, njenge-$1 isikhwama ngasinye. Lokhu kufana nendlela ye-EIP-7623, esebenza njengohlobo lwentela ye-Pigouvian. Ibeka izindleko eziphakeme emisebenzini esebenzisa inani elikhulu le-calldata kodwa igesi enganele, ngaleyo ndlela iphromotha ukusetshenziswa kwensiza okuphumelelayo. Ngokusebenzisa izindleko ezinolaka kakhulu kulabo abasebenzisa ngokuyinhloko i-calldata ukuze uthole ukutholakala kwedatha esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa idatha esele kanye nokwenziwa, umthetho olandelwayo uhlose ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo nokuqhubekayo kwezinsiza zenethiwekhi.

Kungani Uqondisa Ukuthengiselana kwe-DA ku-Ethereum?

Akukho lutho olungalungile ngokwemvelo ngokuthengiselana okusetshenziswa i-Ethereum ekutholakaleni kwedatha. I-EIP-7623 ayidikibali i-Ethereum ekusebenzeni njengesendlalelo sokutholakala kwedatha; kunalokho, akukhuthazi ukusetshenziswa kwe-calldata ngezinjongo zokugcina idatha yokwenziwe futhi ikhuthaza ngokungaqondile ukusetshenziswa kwama-blobs e-DA esikhundleni salokho. Lesi siphakamiso sihlose ukuhlukanisa isendlalelo sokwenza kusukela kusendlalelo sokutholakala kwedatha, okuvumela isendlalelo ngasinye ukuthi siphathe ngokuyimpumelelo isidingo nokubikezela kangcono izimo ezimbi kakhulu.

Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-EIP-7623 ifuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokubikezelwa kokuphathwa kwezinsiza ze-Ethereum ngenkathi ikhawulela indawo ye-DoS. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungqimba ngalunye lungakwazi ukuphatha imisebenzi yalo ethile ngokuphumelelayo, ekugcineni lube nomthelela kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum enamandla kakhulu futhi eyingozi.

Uhlolojikelele lwe-EIP-7623 Specifications

Ukubalwa kwegesi kwamanje kokwenziwe kungokulandelayo:

U 21,000 emibhalweni engenhla ubuncane begesi obukhokhiswa kunoma yikuphi ukuthengiselana. Futhi, STANDARD_TOKEN_COST tokens_in_calldata imelela igesi esetshenziselwa i-calldata, i-EIP-7623 ezama kakhulu ukuyilungisa. Lapha, tokens_in_calldata ayinhlanganisela elula enesisindo kaziro kanye non-zero byte, ebalwa ngama tokens_in_calldata = zero_bytes_in_calldata + 4 * nonzero_bytes_in_calldata .

STANDARD_TOKEN_COST okwamanje isethelwe ku-4, ngakho-ke izindleko zegesi engu zero_bytes_in_calldata ngu-4 futhi nonzero_bytes_in_calldata ngu-16.

evm_gas_used igesi esetshenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisa ukusebenzisana nezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile. Imisebenzi yenjongo okungeyona eye-DA ngokuvamile inengxenye enkulu evm_gas_used .

Uma umsebenzi udala inkontileka entsha, igama le isContractCreation liba ngu-1, okusho ukungena kwegesi eyengeziwe ngokudala nokugcina inkontileka entsha. Njengoba ukwakhiwa kwenkontileka kungekona okugxilwe kukho lapha, sizobeka lesi sikhathi kuqanda.

I-EIP-7623 iphakamisa ukulungiswa okulandelayo kwinani lesibalo segesi:

Esibalweni esisha, max(blue box, red box) liqhathanisa igesi ebalwa ngendlela yamanje(ibhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), nedatha yekholi TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN (ibhokisi elibomvu). Ibhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lifana ncamashi nendlela yokubala yegesi yamanje. Ibhokisi elibomvu, elisha ku-EIP-7623, limele inani elahlulelayo uma umsebenzi ungokwezinjongo ze-DA. Kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Januwari 2025, TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN ihlongozwa ukuthi ibe ngu-10, ephakeme kakhulu kune- STANDARD_TOKEN_COST yokungu-4.

Ngamanye amazwi, uma umsebenzi ungachithi imali eyanele evm_gas_used , ibhokisi elibomvu cishe lizoba inani eliphakeme kunevelu yebhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elikumaka njengomsebenzi wenjongo ye-DA. Ngenxa yalokho, okwenziwayo kuzokhokhiswa ngenani elingu TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN , ngokuphumelelayo kukhokhwe ngaphansi kokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3 ngaphezulu kwedatha yekholi. Ngokuphambene, imisebenzi eminingi yenjongo evamile ichitha okwanele evm_gas_used , ngakho-ke ubuningi(ibhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ibhokisi elibomvu) lizozenzakalela libe inani lebhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kugcinwe indlela yamanje yezindleko zegesi.

Hlobo Luni Lokwenziwe Oluthintwa I-EIP-7623?

Ukuze sinqume ukuthi yiziphi izinkokhelo ezithintwa i-EIP-7623, sidinga ukukhomba isimo lapho ibhokisi elibomvu (isibalo segesi esisha) liphakeme kunebhokisi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (isibalo segesi samanje).

Ngokuziba isikhathi sokudala inkontileka nokushintsha amanani kumapharamitha, sithola umbandela olandelayo: Imisebenzi izoba nezindleko eziphakeme zegesi uma igesi esetshenziswe ekwenzeni i-EVM ingaphansi kwezingu-6 izikhathi zamathokheni kudatha yocingo.

Ukuze senze lokhu kucace kakhudlwana, masihlukanise izinhlangothi zombili ngama-4 tokens_in_calldata . Masikhumbule ukuthi tokens_in_calldata angu-6 igesi ekhokhelwa i-calldata emsebenzini.

Lesi sibalo sokugcina sibonisa ukuthi uma igesi esetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-EVM ingaphansi kokuphindwe kabili kunegesi esetshenziselwa i-calldata, umsebenzi uzongenisa izinkokhelo eziphakeme ze-calldata.

Zizokwenyuka Malini Izindleko Ze-Calldata Ngemva kwe-EIP-7623?

Ake sicabange ukuthi ubuncane begesi okwenziwayo ngu-21,000, igesi esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-EVM ngu-k, kanti igesi esetshenziselwa calldata ithi kx. Izindleko eziphelele zomsebenzi zingase zivezwe kanje:

Ngaphansi kwesibalo samanje (ngaphandle kwe-EIP-7623), izindleko zizoba ngu-21,000+k+kx. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokukhuphuka nge-EIP-7623 lizoba:

Izinga lokukhuphuka njengomsebenzi ka -k lihlelwe ngezansi:

Ukuze uqonde umthelela ongokoqobo, ake sihlole izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwegesi zezindlela zokusebenza ezivamile, sigxile kulezo ezijwayelekile kubasebenzisi abaningi.

Phakathi kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokushintshashintsha ekuhwebeni okuhlukaniselwe indawo, swap(string, address, uint256, bytes) yiyona esetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ku-median, isebenzisa u-5,152 we-calldata kanye ne-175,742 ye-EVM , futhi lokhu kubala inani elikhulu eliphindwe izikhathi ezingu-34. transfer(address, uint256) function, esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amathokheni e-ERC20, idla cishe igesi engu-24,501 ekwenzeni i-EVM, cishe izikhathi ezingu-40 ngaphezu kwegesi engu-620 esetshenziselwa i-calldata.

Ngokufanayo nale misebenzi, imisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke yabasebenzisi inomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwegesi esetshenziselwa i-calldata kanye nokwenza kwe-EVM, okusho ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi bathinteke yi-EIP-7623.

Ukuhlaziywa okuhlinzekwe umcwaningi we-Ethereum u-Toni Wahrstätter kubonisa ukuthi uma i-EIP-7623 isetshenziswa, i-3.02% yemisebenzi yakamuva ye-Ethereum izothinteka. Ukuhlaziya kwakhe futhi kukhomba ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokusebenza ezizothinteka futhi kulinganise ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zalezo zindlela. Ukuhlaziywa okwengeziwe okuhlinzekwe ngu-Wahrstätter kubonisa ukuthi emisebenzini yakamuva ku-Ethereum, u-3.02% wokuthengiselana uyathinteka uma i-EIP-7623 isetshenziswa.

Isayithi lakhe liphinde libonise ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokusebenza ezizothinteka ngempela, nokuthi intengo izokwenyuka kangakanani lezo zindlela.

Phakathi kwemisebenzi ethintwe i-EIP-7623, esetshenziswa kakhulu i addSequencerL2BatchFromOrigin() , evamise ukusebenzela ukuhlela ukuthengiswa kwe-rollup ku-Ethereum. Enye indlela ethintekile i -commitBatches() , evame ukusetshenziswa ekuthengiseni kwe-rollup. Le misebenzi emibili kulindeleke ukuthi ibone ukukhuphuka kwezindleko okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokukhuphuka okulinganiselwa ku-150% wezindleko zegesi uma usebenzisa lezi zindlela.

Kodwa-ke, ama-rollups angasebenzisa ama-blobs ekuthumeleni idatha, futhi ama-rollup amaningi, njenge-Arbitrum One ne-Base, asevele enza kanjalo . Ngenxa yalokho, ama-rollup asebenzisa ama-blobs ekuthunyelweni kwedatha cishe ngeke athintwe kakhulu izindleko ezikhuphukile ezibekwe yi-EIP-7623.

Ihlaziya Umthelela we-EIP-7623 Kusayizi Webhulokhi

I-EIP-7623 inyusa izindleko zegesi zemisebenzi esebenzisa amanani aphezulu edatha yekholi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kogaxekile, okuncike kakhulu kudatha yekholi, kuzodinga cishe izindleko zegesi eziphindwe kathathu, ukwehlisa ngempumelelo usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu ukusuka ku-2.54 MB ukuya cishe ku-0.72 MB. Ngenxa yalokho, inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum izohlonyiswa kangcono ukubhekana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu lapho amabhulokhi amakhulu asakazwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukwehliswa kobukhulu obunokwenzeka besayizi yebhulokhi kudala ithuba lokwandisa inani lama-blobs afakiwe ibhulokhi ngayinye. Okwamanje, inani eliphezulu lama-blobs ngu-6, ngalinye lingu-128 KB ngosayizi. Uma i-EIP-7623 yamukelwe futhi kugcinwa usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu ofanayo, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhuliswe inombolo enkulu yama-blob cishe ku-18, okusho ukuthi ukwenyuka okungu-3x kubuningi be-TPS (imisebenzi ngomzuzwana) yama-rollups.

Lesi sibalo sibandakanya ukwenza lula ngokweqile, njengoba izindlela zokusakaza zamabhulokhi namabhulokhi zihluka. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo eyinhloko ukuhlukana okukhulayo phakathi kwezendlalelo zokutholakala nedatha. Njengoba i-blob gas negesi yokukhipha inezimakethe zezindleko ezihlukene, ukuphazamiseka kwenye imakethe ngeke kuthinte ngokuqondile kwenye.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenza kube lula ukufeza ukusebenza kahle kwezimali ngoba kuba lula ukulawula okuhlosiwe kanye nezinsiza eziphezulu inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum engakwazi ukuyiphatha ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi eyodwa.

Yiziphi Okunye Ukucatshangelwa Okuhlobene Nokuqaliswa Kwe-EIP-7623?

Nakuba i-EIP-7623 inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile, ingase ibe nomthelela kuma-rollup amancane ngokudinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-blobs esikhundleni se-calldata. Ukuze uthole ama-rollups anesidingo esiphansi, usayizi omkhulu we-blob ongu-128 KB angase adinge ukuthi alinde isikhathi eside aze agcwalise i-blob egcwele. Lesi simo sikhulisa isidingo sezivumelwano zokwabelana nge-blob , okuvumela ama-rollup amaningi ukuthi abelane ngesikhala esikhulu se-blob ukuze uthole izindleko ezingcono.

Nakuba inhlawulo yesisekelo se-blob okwamanje iphansi kakhulu (okwenza ama-blob abe yindawo eshibhile ye-DA), ukukhuphuka okungazelelwe kwesidingo kungabeka umthwalo omkhulu kulawa ma-rollups. Ngaphandle kokwenyuka okuhambisanayo kwenani lamabhulokhi ibhulokhi ngayinye, i-EIP-7623 ingenza ama-rollup athumela imisebenzi ye-DA aqhudelane kakhulu, njengoba inani eliphelele le-DA lehla lilonke. Kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi ingabe inani lama-blobs kufanele likhuliswe ngasikhathi sinye ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalolu shintsho.

Okunye okucatshangelwayo ukunquma imibandela yomkhawulo lapho okwenziwayo kufanele kuthintwa khona yilesi sibuyekezo. Kukhona ukuhwebelana phakathi kosayizi webhulokhi nolwazi lomsebenzisi. Isibonelo, ukusetha i-threshold kakhulu kunganciphisa kakhulu usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu, kodwa okwenziwayo okuningi kungase kudingeke ukuthi kukhokhelwe igesi ethe xaxa nge-calldata.

Nakuba ukuguqulwa kosayizi webhulokhi omkhulu kucacile futhi kucacile, kunzima ukulinganisa nokulinganisa ukuthi i-Ethereum izothinteka kangakanani ngokudinga izindleko zegesi eziphakeme zokuthengiselana ngenjongo ye-DA. Lo mkhawulo ungasethwa kuphela ngokomphakathi.

Ukwengeza, imibandela incike kakhulu kwamanye amapharamitha asethwe imisebenzi ye-EVM noma umkhawulo wegesi. Isibonelo, uma i-Ethereum yayizokwandisa umkhawulo wegesi vimba ku-300 million esikhathini esizayo, umkhawulo we-EIP-7623 kufanele futhi uguqulwe ukuze ulondoloze usayizi omkhulu we-block.

Isiphetho

I-EIP-7623 iyisiphakamiso sokuthuthukisa i-Ethereum esihlose ukunciphisa usayizi webhulokhi omkhulu ngokulungisa izindleko ze-calldata, eqondise ngokuqondile ukuthengiselana kwe-DA-purpose. Lokhu kulungiswa kungase kunyuse izindleko zemisebenzi ye-DA engezona i-blob kufika ku-300%, kuyilapho imisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke yabasebenzisi ihlala ingathinteki.

Kukho konke lokhu okuthunyelwe, sihlole isisusa sesiphakamiso, imithelela yaso, izinhlobo zemisebenzi ethintekile, nokukhathazeka okungase kuvele. Ngethemba ukuthi lokhu kubhala kukusiza ukuthi uqonde kabanzi ngalesi siphakamiso sakamuva futhi kunikeze imininingwane enemininingwane kokuqukethwe kwaso. Uma unentshisekelo futhi ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, ungalandela ukuhlaziya nencazelo ka-Toni Wahrstätter , futhi ubambe iqhaza engxoxweni evulekile esithangamini saMagiya ase-Ethereum.