Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase, is reconsidering remote work due to advancements in VR and AR. These technologies offer immersive environments that mimic physical workspaces, enhancing remote collaboration. AI and machine learning are optimizing remote workflows, addressing productivity ...

Is Jamie Dimon Pioneering a New Era of Remote Work? Why His Latest Moves Could Reshape the Future! - MotoPaddock

We came across a bullish thesis on Tempus AI, Inc. (TEM) on Substack by Market Moves by GBC. In this article, we will summarize the bulls’ thesis on TEM. Tempus AI, Inc. (TEM)’s share was trading at $50.77 as of Jan 29th. Tempus, a company founded by Eric Lefkofsky in 2015, emerged from ...

Tempus AI, Inc. (TEM): A Bull Case Theory

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Moves

moves

In this report, we focus on the Solana transaction lifecycle. We delve into the core concepts of a transaction, such as its size, message header, compact-array format, and so on. We also emphasize the Solana runtime process and explain why the transaction cost on Solana is low. What is a Solana transaction? Structure of a Solana transaction Structure of a Solana transaction Structure of a Solana transaction A transaction is the transmission of data across the blockchain. Cryptographically signed instructions from accounts update the network when initiated. A Solana transaction consists of signatures; an array of signatures is included in the transaction and message, the list of transactions to be processed. signatures; signatures; an array of signatures is included in the transaction message message The Solana network adheres to a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size of 1280 bytes, consistent with the IPV6 MTU size constraints to ensure fast and reliable transmission of a cluster of information over UDP. The message header is composed of three u8 integers, and when it’s accounted for (40 bytes for IPV6 and 8 bytes for the fragment header), it has an available packet data of 1232 bytes, for instance, serialized transactions, which is the total size of a transaction limited to a Solana transaction. In a Solana transaction, each signature requires 64 bytes and can vary based on the transaction requirements. On the other hand, the message includes instructions, accounts, and metadata, which vary with each account requiring 32 bytes. A transaction message in Solana is made up of a message header, account addresses, a recent blockhash, and instructions. a message header, account addresses, a recent blockhash, and instructions. a message header, account addresses, a recent blockhash, and instructions. Message Header A message header compromises and identifies the privileges of accounts included in a transaction’s account address array. It contains three u8 integers, as stated above, which collectively specifies; The number of required signatures for the transaction and message version number.
The number of read-only account addresses that require signatures.
The number of read-only account addresses that do not require signatures. The number of required signatures for the transaction and message version number. The number of read-only account addresses that require signatures. The number of read-only account addresses that do not require signatures. Account Address A message includes an array containing all the account addresses needed for the instructions within the transaction. This array starts with a compact-u16 encoding of the number of account addresses, followed by the addresses ordered by the privileges for the accounts. The metadata in the message header is used to determine the number of accounts in each section. compact-u16 compact-u16 Recent Blockhash In a Solana transaction, all transactions have a recent block hash that keeps track of the time a transaction was executed. The blockhash prevents duplications and stale transactions. Every transaction sent by a user is confirmed in a block; the maximum age of a transaction’s blockhash is 150 blocks (assuming the target slot time is 400ms). If a transaction's blockhash is 150 blocks older than the latest blockhash, it is considered expired. This means that transactions not processed within a specific timeframe will never be executed. Instructions A transaction message is composed of compact arrays of instructions that are yet to be processed. This compact array starts with a compact-u16 encoding of the number of instructions, followed by an array of instructions. Each instruction in the array specifies the following information: program ID, compact array of account address indexes, and compact array of opaque u8 data. compact-u16 compact-u16 program ID, compact array of account address indexes, and compact array of opaque u8 data. program ID, compact array of account address indexes, and compact array of opaque u8 data. A program ID identifies an on-chain program that will process the instruction. It is represented as an u8 index, which points to an account address within the array of account addresses. The instruction also includes a compact array of account address indexes, where each index corresponds to an entry in the account address array, representing the accounts required by the instruction. Additionally, a compact array of opaque u8 data is provided. This is a u8-byte array specific to the invoked program, containing the instruction details and any necessary data (such as function arguments) that the program requires to execute the instruction. program ID compact array of account address indexes compact array of opaque u8 data Lifecycle of a Solana Transaction A simple Solana transaction could be a trade on a DeFi protocol, an NFT mint, or a token transfer that happens on the Solana blockchain. On Solana, transactions tend to be fast and happen instantaneously, as Solana uses a hybrid structure where accounts can store both data and executable code. Therefore, Solana enables each account to function as a standalone state machine capable of performing various operations and interacting directly with smart contracts. Triggering the Transaction Immediately the user signs the transaction in their wallet, dapp, or any interface; the details of the signed transaction are sent to a Solana RPC server. These servers act as entry points for the transaction into the network as they help relay on-chain data. RPC servers in Solana are non-voting validators focused on accessing on-chain data. The RPC server forwards the transaction to the current leader and the following two leaders after verifying the leader schedule, which is set once each epoch and lasts roughly two days. The leader is given four slots in a row and is responsible for creating a block for the current position. Typically, slots last 400 milliseconds. Transaction Processing and Sequencing When the signed transactions reach the current leader, the leader first validates the signed transactions and then organizes the transactions before scheduling them for execution. The leader is only responsible for signed transactions within its designated slot. Solana validators use a block-building algorithm provided in the Solana client, which includes a transaction scheduler. This scheduler is crucial for block creation and the ordering of transactions for execution. While the default scheduler is single-threaded and uses an algorithm called Prio-Graph, validators have the option to implement other block-building algorithms. The Prio-Graph algorithm prioritizes transactions based on factors like priority fees and whether they are vote transactions. It also creates links between lower-priority transactions that conflict with higher-priority ones (such as those affecting the same account or state), preventing them from being executed in parallel. This enables non-conflicting transactions to run simultaneously. If a transaction is not included in a block, the user must resend it. Users can include a priority fee with their transactions, with the base fee remaining unchanged regardless of the compute units required. Half of the base fee is burned, and the other half is given to the validator building the block. The priority fee (which goes entirely to the validators after SIMD-0096) varies based on the requested compute units, which are determined by the program counter in the Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) bytecode format. Prio-Graph Prio-Graph The RPC server establishes a fast and secure connection to the leader node’s Transaction Processing Unit (TPU) using Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC), a communication protocol designed for quick and reliable data transfer. This protocol ensures secure delivery of data packets, minimizing delays and enhancing overall network performance. The TPU processes transactions in multiple stages to ensure efficiency and security. In the fetch stage, transactions are grouped into batches of 128 packets for better management. During the SigVerify Stage, each transaction’s signature is validated to prevent tampering, and duplicates are removed to avoid redundant processing. The Banking Stage executes transactions in parallel, allowing multiple transactions to be processed simultaneously and ensuring necessary checks and updates are made to the involved accounts. Finally, in the broadcast stage, processed transactions are broadcast to the network, notifying all nodes of the new transactions. fetch stage SigVerify Stage Banking Stage broadcast stage Unlike in Ethereum, Solana has no mempool (uses Gulfstream), and as such, there is no global ordering of transactions queued for execution; there is just local ordering in each thread’s queue. Keep in mind that a transaction specifies which state must be read-locked and which must be write-locked to be executed. When a thread is ready to carry out a transaction, it tries to obtain the required account locks before carrying out the operation. Transactions that are unable to obtain the required lock are re-queued for a subsequent attempt. Solana achieves higher performance than other chains as transactions don’t need to touch the same state; they can be executed in parallel, which improves the throughput of the chain. Transaction Broadcasting and State Updates To maintain a stable and up-to-date ledger, validators inside clusters of the Solana network synchronize their states. These clusters, which are composed of groups of validators, cooperate to keep a consistent picture of the blockchain and guarantee that the ledgers of every node are current and in agreement with the network's current state. When the leader executes a transaction, it is instantly disseminated throughout the network and noted on the validator's copy of the ledger. The transaction is completed and entered into the blockchain permanently once the block has been confirmed by a supermajority of validators. This procedure is streamlined for dependability and quickness. When 31 or more verified blocks have been constructed onto a block, it is deemed finished. To enable the user to monitor the progress of their transaction, these phases are relayed back to the front end over the RPC. A large portion of the underlying technology operates flawlessly in the background to make the process dependable and efficient, while Solana's consensus and block propagation algorithms guarantee quick and secure transaction finalization. Conclusion In this report, we examined the lifecycle of a Solana transaction, from a user-submitted wallet transaction to its confirmation by the Solana network. We also examined how Solana executes and orders transactions and the structure of a Solana transaction.

No Waiting, No Mempool: How Solana Moves Crypto at Lightning Speed

Authors:
(1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es);
(2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
(3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 3 PAUL: Design and Manufacturing 3.1 Robot Design 3.2 Material Selection 3.3 Manufacturing 3.4 Actuation Bank 4 Data Acquisition and Open-Loop Control 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.4 Open-Loop Control 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 6 Conclusions Funding Information A. Conducted Experiments and References 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version Although the layout of the pneumatic bench allows working with up to 4 segments, it was thought that using 3 would allow the different problems linked to redundancy to be tackled without increasing the weight of the robot too much or requiring the tubes –which pass through the interior of the segments – to have an excessive amount of space. It is true that the tubes of the other three could pass through the first module, nevertheless, it was thought that the stiffness they would introduce by being so compressed could make it difficult to bend the initial segment. Since it is also the segment that has to exert the most force, as it is the one that supports the weight of the other segments, the risk of punctures could be increased. Therefore, a robot consisting of three identical modules was assembled, standing at a total height of 390 mm (with each segment measuring 100 mm, intersegment connections 20 mm each, and the vision trihedron rod 30 mm). Under these configurations, the estimated weight of PAUL’s arm is around 600 g. The structure protecting the manipulator is a cube with a side of 500 mm. Pressure of the pneumatic line was established in 1.2 bar. Examples of PAUL reaching different positions are depicted in Figure 13. 5.2 Workspace Analysis The analysis of the workspace has been carried out experimentally, based on the data taken to generate the dataset. Figure 14 shows the workspace of a segment. As can be seen, this is a surface, as the segment has two degrees of freedom if the condition that at least one valve should remain deflated is imposed. The surface can be considered as the union of three surfaces intersecting at the central point, which corresponds to the configuration of all deflated bladders. The three surfaces are roughly spherical in shape. If the PCC model were completely valid for the robot, these would be perfect spheres, as the ends of a set of equal-length arcs of circumference with a common origin engrench a circle. Since this is not exactly the case, the generated surfaces only resemble the sphericity predicted by the constant curvature model. The addition of a second segment already generates a 4-D workspace that is difficult to represent. The generation of this is a consequence of the fact that, from each point on the surface of the workspace of a segment, another similar surface is generated. The union of all of these surfaces, which arise from the points on the surface of the first segment, results in the two-segment workspace. This is a volume in which, in addition, each point can be reached from two different orientations, thus leaving latent the four degrees of freedom that PAUL would have with only two modules. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es); (2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Authors: Authors: (1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es); (2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 3 PAUL: Design and Manufacturing 3.1 Robot Design 3.1 Robot Design 3.2 Material Selection 3.2 Material Selection 3.3 Manufacturing 3.3 Manufacturing 3.4 Actuation Bank 3.4 Actuation Bank 4 Data Acquisition and Open-Loop Control 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.4 Open-Loop Control 4.4 Open-Loop Control 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 6 Conclusions 6 Conclusions Funding Information Funding Information A. Conducted Experiments and References A. Conducted Experiments and References 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version Although the layout of the pneumatic bench allows working with up to 4 segments, it was thought that using 3 would allow the different problems linked to redundancy to be tackled without increasing the weight of the robot too much or requiring the tubes –which pass through the interior of the segments – to have an excessive amount of space. It is true that the tubes of the other three could pass through the first module, nevertheless, it was thought that the stiffness they would introduce by being so compressed could make it difficult to bend the initial segment. Since it is also the segment that has to exert the most force, as it is the one that supports the weight of the other segments, the risk of punctures could be increased. Therefore, a robot consisting of three identical modules was assembled, standing at a total height of 390 mm (with each segment measuring 100 mm, intersegment connections 20 mm each, and the vision trihedron rod 30 mm). Under these configurations, the estimated weight of PAUL’s arm is around 600 g. The structure protecting the manipulator is a cube with a side of 500 mm. Pressure of the pneumatic line was established in 1.2 bar. Examples of PAUL reaching different positions are depicted in Figure 13. 5.2 Workspace Analysis The analysis of the workspace has been carried out experimentally, based on the data taken to generate the dataset. Figure 14 shows the workspace of a segment. As can be seen, this is a surface, as the segment has two degrees of freedom if the condition that at least one valve should remain deflated is imposed. The surface can be considered as the union of three surfaces intersecting at the central point, which corresponds to the configuration of all deflated bladders. The three surfaces are roughly spherical in shape. If the PCC model were completely valid for the robot, these would be perfect spheres, as the ends of a set of equal-length arcs of circumference with a common origin engrench a circle. Since this is not exactly the case, the generated surfaces only resemble the sphericity predicted by the constant curvature model. The addition of a second segment already generates a 4-D workspace that is difficult to represent. The generation of this is a consequence of the fact that, from each point on the surface of the workspace of a segment, another similar surface is generated. The union of all of these surfaces, which arise from the points on the surface of the first segment, results in the two-segment workspace. This is a volume in which, in addition, each point can be reached from two different orientations, thus leaving latent the four degrees of freedom that PAUL would have with only two modules. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

How a Soft Robot Arm Moves Using Air, Not Motors

كيف يتحرك ذراع الروبوت الناعم باستخدام الهواء وليس المحركات

Kunjamsa mä Llamp’u Robot Brazox Wayra apnaqasa, Janiw Motoranakamp sarnaqkiti

Jak se měkké rameno robota pohybuje pomocí vzduchu, nikoli motorů

Cómo un brazo robótico blando se mueve usando aire, no motores

Bagaimana Lengan Robot Lunak Bergerak Menggunakan Udara, Bukan Motor

Come un braccio robotico morbido si muove usando l'aria, non i motori

ソフトロボットアームがモーターではなく空気を使って動く仕組み

Ny fomba fihetsehan'ny sandry robot malefaka amin'ny fampiasana rivotra fa tsy maotera

Како се движи меката роботска рака користејќи воздух, а не мотори

Hur en mjuk robotarm rör sig med luft, inte motorer

Paano Gumagalaw ang Isang Malambot na Robot Arm Gamit ang Air, Hindi Motors

Як м’яка рука робота рухається за допомогою повітря, а не двигунів

Authors:
(1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es);
(2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
(3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 3 PAUL: Design and Manufacturing 3.1 Robot Design 3.2 Material Selection 3.3 Manufacturing 3.4 Actuation Bank 4 Data Acquisition and Open-Loop Control 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.4 Open-Loop Control 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 6 Conclusions Funding Information A. Conducted Experiments and References Abstract Soft Robots distinguish themselves from traditional robots by embracing flexible kinematics. Because of their recent emergence, there exist numerous uncharted territories, including novel actuators, manufacturing processes, and advanced control methods. This research is centred on the design, fabrication, and control of a pneumatic soft robot. The principal objective is to develop a modular soft robot featuring with multiple segments, each one of three degrees of freedom. This yields to tubular structure with five independent degrees of freedom, enabling motion across three spatial dimensions. Physical construction leverages tin-cured silicone and a wax casting method, refined through iterative processes. 3D-printed PLA moulds, filled with silicone, yield the desired model, while bladder-like structures, are formed within using solidified paraffin wax positive moulds. For control, an empirically fine-tuned open-loop system is adopted. The project culminates in rigorous testing bending ability and weight carrying capacity and possible applications are discussed. Keywords: soft actuator; pneumatics; soft robots materials and design; open-loop control; computer vision capture 1 Introduction The rapid growth of soft robotics in the past decade is driven by their versatile applications in various fields, such as assisting surgeons, taking care of elderly people [1, 2], aiding rehabilitation [3], and enhancing manipulation capabilities [4]. Soft robots significantly differ from their traditional rigid counterparts, demanding innovative solutions across a wide spectrum, encompassing sensors, actuators, and control techniques. While conventional actuation methods can be applied in certain scenarios, such as cable robots where external motors tension the cables [5,6], novel actuators are frequently required. This has led to the development of various actuator types, including pneumatic actuators [7], electroactive polymers (EAP) [8], magnetic actuators [9], twisted and coiled actuators (TCA) [10], and shape memory alloys (SMA) [11, 12]. Among these options, pneumatic actuators stand out due to their cost-effectiveness, simplified manufacturing, straightforward actuation, and impressive load-bearing capacity [13], specially when no high speeds are required. Certainly, these actuators do not necessitate specific manufacturing conditions beyond the curing of silicone, typically conducted at or near room temperature. Moreover, their operation does not demand high-voltage conditions or the generation of external magnetic fields. Furthermore, they excel in achieving continuous deformations in the robots, surpassing those actuated by wires. These advantages have led to their use in grippers [14], inspection tasks [15], locomotion robots [16, 17] wearable devices for rehabilitation [18] or imitating human body parts [19]. The main contribution of this work has been the design, manufacturing and open-loop control of a 5-degrees of freedom (DOF) soft pneumatic arm called PAUL (Pneumatic Articulated Ultrasoft Limb) and depicted in Figure 1, capable of carrying light loads without increasing its precision error. In addition to the precision of its control system without and with external payloads, its workspace and its bending capacity are also analysed. It is not common to find a simultaneous analysis of all these factors in the literature. PAUL is composed of 3 independent modules or segments, made of silicone. Each segment is fed by 3 pneumatic tubes whose inflation give him 3 degrees of freedom: it can bend in two direction, as well as elongate when the three bladders are inflated. To reduce redundancies, it was decided to act only up to two at a time. Combining these components results in a robot with 9 inputs and 5 degrees of freedom in the task space, as no twisting movement is possible in any case. Actuation is achieved by measuring the valve opening duration, while a vision system, based on identifying a trihedron of colours, provides continuous feedback on the position of the end-effector. To address the challenge of modelling these robots, especially given the limitations of existing theoretical models –methods like the Piecewise Constant Curvature (PCC), which are adequate for hyper-redundant robots may lack precision in soft manipulators [20] and parameters for simulations based on the Finite Elements Method (FEM) are difficult to adjust–, an open-loop control system has been developed. This system relies on an experimentally constructed table that correlates valve opening times with the corresponding final positions of the manipulator. This empirical approach allows for reasonably accurate modelling of both the direct and inverse kinematics of the robot, even in the absence of precise theoretical models. The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 presents the main characteristics and working principles of the existing soft pneumatic arms, Section 3 details PAUL design and manufacturing process, highlighting the various modifications that had to be made iteratively and also addressing the construction of the pneumatic actuation bench, Section 4 describes the open loop control system and the steps that had to be taken to get there: the configuration of the robot hardware, the implementation of the vision system and the generation of the data table. The test carried out are commented in Section 5, and finally, Section 6 draws the conclusion. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es); (2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Authors: Authors: (1) Jorge Francisco Garcia-Samartın, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain (jorge.gsamartin@upm.es); (2) Adrian Rieker, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (3) Antonio Barrientos, Centro de Automatica y Robotica (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid — Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.1 Pneumatic Actuation 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.2 Pneumatic Arms 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 2.3 Control of Soft Robots 3 PAUL: Design and Manufacturing 3.1 Robot Design 3.1 Robot Design 3.2 Material Selection 3.2 Material Selection 3.3 Manufacturing 3.3 Manufacturing 3.4 Actuation Bank 3.4 Actuation Bank 4 Data Acquisition and Open-Loop Control 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.1 Hardware Setup 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.2 Vision Capture System 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.3 Dataset Generation: Table-Based Models 4.4 Open-Loop Control 4.4 Open-Loop Control 5 Results 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.1 Final PAUL version 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.2 Workspace Analysis 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.3 Performance of the Table-Based Models 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.4 Bending Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 5.5 Weight Carrying Experiments 6 Conclusions 6 Conclusions Funding Information Funding Information A. Conducted Experiments and References A. Conducted Experiments and References Abstract Soft Robots distinguish themselves from traditional robots by embracing flexible kinematics. Because of their recent emergence, there exist numerous uncharted territories, including novel actuators, manufacturing processes, and advanced control methods. This research is centred on the design, fabrication, and control of a pneumatic soft robot. The principal objective is to develop a modular soft robot featuring with multiple segments, each one of three degrees of freedom. This yields to tubular structure with five independent degrees of freedom, enabling motion across three spatial dimensions. Physical construction leverages tin-cured silicone and a wax casting method, refined through iterative processes. 3D-printed PLA moulds, filled with silicone, yield the desired model, while bladder-like structures, are formed within using solidified paraffin wax positive moulds. For control, an empirically fine-tuned open-loop system is adopted. The project culminates in rigorous testing bending ability and weight carrying capacity and possible applications are discussed. Keywords : soft actuator; pneumatics; soft robots materials and design; open-loop control; computer vision capture Keywords 1 Introduction The rapid growth of soft robotics in the past decade is driven by their versatile applications in various fields, such as assisting surgeons, taking care of elderly people [1, 2], aiding rehabilitation [3], and enhancing manipulation capabilities [4]. Soft robots significantly differ from their traditional rigid counterparts, demanding innovative solutions across a wide spectrum, encompassing sensors, actuators, and control techniques. While conventional actuation methods can be applied in certain scenarios, such as cable robots where external motors tension the cables [5,6], novel actuators are frequently required. This has led to the development of various actuator types, including pneumatic actuators [7], electroactive polymers (EAP) [8], magnetic actuators [9], twisted and coiled actuators (TCA) [10], and shape memory alloys (SMA) [11, 12]. Among these options, pneumatic actuators stand out due to their cost-effectiveness, simplified manufacturing, straightforward actuation, and impressive load-bearing capacity [13], specially when no high speeds are required. Certainly, these actuators do not necessitate specific manufacturing conditions beyond the curing of silicone, typically conducted at or near room temperature. Moreover, their operation does not demand high-voltage conditions or the generation of external magnetic fields. Furthermore, they excel in achieving continuous deformations in the robots, surpassing those actuated by wires. These advantages have led to their use in grippers [14], inspection tasks [15], locomotion robots [16, 17] wearable devices for rehabilitation [18] or imitating human body parts [19]. The main contribution of this work has been the design, manufacturing and open-loop control of a 5-degrees of freedom (DOF) soft pneumatic arm called PAUL (Pneumatic Articulated Ultrasoft Limb) and depicted in Figure 1, capable of carrying light loads without increasing its precision error. In addition to the precision of its control system without and with external payloads, its workspace and its bending capacity are also analysed. It is not common to find a simultaneous analysis of all these factors in the literature. PAUL is composed of 3 independent modules or segments, made of silicone. Each segment is fed by 3 pneumatic tubes whose inflation give him 3 degrees of freedom: it can bend in two direction, as well as elongate when the three bladders are inflated. To reduce redundancies, it was decided to act only up to two at a time. Combining these components results in a robot with 9 inputs and 5 degrees of freedom in the task space, as no twisting movement is possible in any case. Actuation is achieved by measuring the valve opening duration, while a vision system, based on identifying a trihedron of colours, provides continuous feedback on the position of the end-effector. To address the challenge of modelling these robots, especially given the limitations of existing theoretical models –methods like the Piecewise Constant Curvature (PCC), which are adequate for hyper-redundant robots may lack precision in soft manipulators [20] and parameters for simulations based on the Finite Elements Method (FEM) are difficult to adjust–, an open-loop control system has been developed. This system relies on an experimentally constructed table that correlates valve opening times with the corresponding final positions of the manipulator. This empirical approach allows for reasonably accurate modelling of both the direct and inverse kinematics of the robot, even in the absence of precise theoretical models. The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 presents the main characteristics and working principles of the existing soft pneumatic arms, Section 3 details PAUL design and manufacturing process, highlighting the various modifications that had to be made iteratively and also addressing the construction of the pneumatic actuation bench, Section 4 describes the open loop control system and the steps that had to be taken to get there: the configuration of the robot hardware, the implementation of the vision system and the generation of the data table. The test carried out are commented in Section 5, and finally, Section 6 draws the conclusion. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Meet PAUL: A Soft Robot That Moves with Air Pressure

Tracking Other Traders’ Moves Can Save Your Crypto Portfolio

የሌሎች ነጋዴዎችን እንቅስቃሴ መከታተል የ Crypto ፖርትፎሊዮዎን መቆጠብ ይችላል።

Sporing af andre handlendes bevægelser kan gemme din kryptoportefølje

Seguir los movimientos de otros traders puede salvar su cartera de criptomonedas

O seguimento dos movementos doutros comerciantes pode gardar a súa carteira criptográfica

מעקב אחר מהלכי סוחרים אחרים יכול להציל את תיק הקריפטו שלך

他のトレーダーの動きを追跡することで暗号通貨ポートフォリオを救うことができる

Go Latela Dikgato tša Bagwebi ba Bang go ka Boloka Potfolio ya Gago ya Crypto

การติดตามการเคลื่อนไหวของเทรดเดอร์รายอื่นสามารถช่วยรักษาพอร์ตโฟลิโอ Crypto ของคุณได้

ምንቅስቓሳት ካልኦት ነጋዶ ምክትታል ንክሪፕቶ ፖርትፎሊዮኻ ከድሕን ይኽእል እዩ።

دوسرے تاجروں کی چالوں کا سراغ لگانا آپ کے کرپٹو پورٹ فولیو کو بچا سکتا ہے۔

Boshqa treyderlarning harakatlarini kuzatish sizning kripto portfelingizni saqlashi mumkin

Ukulandela umkhondo wabanye abarhwebi kunokugcina i-Crypto Portfolio yakho

Google’s AI Power Moves with Gemini 2.0 and Project Mariner

Early Birds Rule: 5 E-Commerce Moves for Black Friday Prep Waiting until November to plan for Black Friday and Cyber Monday? That’s like stepping into the ring against a heavyweight champ without any training. In the ultra-competitive arena of e-commerce, the early planners grab the lion’s share of profits. Here’s how you can dominate this year’s biggest shopping days, with insights from award-winning agency, Mattered, your guide to mastering the retail rush. 1. Email Marketing: Your Secret Sauce Start simmering your email campaigns now because this is the gourmet dish you can’t afford to mess up. Segment your audience like a pro—VIP clients, cart abandoners, the ‘just browsing’ folks—and tailor those emails to speak directly to them. Remember, personalization makes people feel special, and special people open their wallets. Use data from last year to adjust your approach, focusing on what worked best, and don’t forget to sprinkle some exclusive deals or early access to make your subscribers feel extra special. Stats to Chew On: According to Campaign Monitor, segmented email campaigns can drive a 760% increase in revenue. So, chop, mix and season those emails wisely! 2. Ad Spend: Go Big, Then Go Home For Black Friday and Cyber Monday, if you’re not boosting your ad spend, you’re basically giving your competition the keys to the castle. Increase your visibility by investing more in your best-performing channels—be it PPC, social media ads, or retargeting campaigns. Think big and bold with your creative content, ensuring it breaks through the noise. And remember, timing is everything; start your ads early to create hype, but save some budget for last-minute push notifications to capture those spontaneous shoppers. Mattered Tip: Use data-driven insights to identify which times and platforms garnered the most conversions last year and adjust your ad placements to double down during these peak times. 3. Refresh Your Content Like It’s a New Season of Your Favorite Show Just like you wouldn’t binge-watch a show with last season’s plot twists, your customers don’t want last year’s vibes. Refresh your website and social media with new graphics, engaging videos, and interactive elements that highlight your sales. Make sure your site is optimized for mobile because, let’s face it, a lot of shopping happens from the comfort of the bed with leftover pie in hand. Creative Boost: Utilize AR or VR if possible to give users a virtual try-before-you-buy experience. It’s innovative and could be the hook that lands you that big fish (aka the undecided shopper). 4. Collaborate to Accumulate Why go solo when you can increase your reach with collaborations? Partner up with influencers and other brands, or even showcase user-generated content to build trust and extend your audience pool. Make these collaborations fun and engaging—think live streams, giveaways, or co-branded limited editions. Success Story: Look at how brands like GoPro and Red Bull collaborate during high-energy events. While you don’t have to jump out of a plane, think about how a partnership could add that extra adrenaline rush to your campaigns. 5. Stock Up, Follow Up, and Keep Up Inventory management can make or break your Black Friday/Cyber Monday. Stock up based on predictive analytics to avoid the dreaded ‘Out of Stock’ banner. Equally important is your follow-up—ensure your customer service is on point to handle any issues that arise. Post-event, keep the momentum going with thank-you emails, feedback surveys, or even sneak peeks at your next big event or sale. Insight: Use AI-driven tools to forecast demand more accurately, ensuring that you have just enough stock to meet customer expectations without overcommitting. Yes, gearing up now for Black Friday and Cyber Monday might seem premature, but in the e-commerce arena, the early brand catches the worm—or, in this case, the sale. These strategies are your ticket to a record-breaking Black Friday and Cyber Monday. “Remember, preparation is key, but flexibility is your friend. Monitor, adapt, and react in real-time to keep your campaigns fresh and your customers engaged,” says Victor Ricci, CEO and co-founder of Mattered. If you’re preparing for the holiday rush and seeking expertise that delivers results, reach out to Mattered today. Let’s make this shopping season your most successful yet. Early Birds Rule: 5 E-Commerce Moves for Black Friday Prep Waiting until November to plan for Black Friday and Cyber Monday? That’s like stepping into the ring against a heavyweight champ without any training. In the ultra-competitive arena of e-commerce, the early planners grab the lion’s share of profits. Here’s how you can dominate this year’s biggest shopping days, with insights from award-winning agency, Mattered , your guide to mastering the retail rush. Mattered Mattered 1. Email Marketing: Your Secret Sauce Start simmering your email campaigns now because this is the gourmet dish you can’t afford to mess up. Segment your audience like a pro—VIP clients, cart abandoners, the ‘just browsing’ folks—and tailor those emails to speak directly to them. Remember, personalization makes people feel special, and special people open their wallets. Use data from last year to adjust your approach, focusing on what worked best, and don’t forget to sprinkle some exclusive deals or early access to make your subscribers feel extra special. Stats to Chew On: According to Campaign Monitor, segmented email campaigns can drive a 760% increase in revenue. So, chop, mix and season those emails wisely! Stats to Chew On: 2. Ad Spend: Go Big, Then Go Home For Black Friday and Cyber Monday, if you’re not boosting your ad spend, you’re basically giving your competition the keys to the castle. Increase your visibility by investing more in your best-performing channels—be it PPC, social media ads, or retargeting campaigns. Think big and bold with your creative content, ensuring it breaks through the noise. And remember, timing is everything; start your ads early to create hype, but save some budget for last-minute push notifications to capture those spontaneous shoppers. Mattered Tip : Use data-driven insights to identify which times and platforms garnered the most conversions last year and adjust your ad placements to double down during these peak times. Mattered Tip 3. Refresh Your Content Like It’s a New Season of Your Favorite Show Just like you wouldn’t binge-watch a show with last season’s plot twists, your customers don’t want last year’s vibes. Refresh your website and social media with new graphics, engaging videos, and interactive elements that highlight your sales. Make sure your site is optimized for mobile because, let’s face it, a lot of shopping happens from the comfort of the bed with leftover pie in hand. Creative Boost : Utilize AR or VR if possible to give users a virtual try-before-you-buy experience. It’s innovative and could be the hook that lands you that big fish (aka the undecided shopper). Creative Boost 4. Collaborate to Accumulate Why go solo when you can increase your reach with collaborations? Partner up with influencers and other brands, or even showcase user-generated content to build trust and extend your audience pool. Make these collaborations fun and engaging—think live streams, giveaways, or co-branded limited editions. Success Story : Look at how brands like GoPro and Red Bull collaborate during high-energy events. While you don’t have to jump out of a plane, think about how a partnership could add that extra adrenaline rush to your campaigns. Success Story 5. Stock Up, Follow Up, and Keep Up Inventory management can make or break your Black Friday/Cyber Monday. Stock up based on predictive analytics to avoid the dreaded ‘Out of Stock’ banner. Equally important is your follow-up—ensure your customer service is on point to handle any issues that arise. Post-event, keep the momentum going with thank-you emails, feedback surveys, or even sneak peeks at your next big event or sale. Insight : Use AI-driven tools to forecast demand more accurately, ensuring that you have just enough stock to meet customer expectations without overcommitting. Insight Yes, gearing up now for Black Friday and Cyber Monday might seem premature, but in the e-commerce arena, the early brand catches the worm—or, in this case, the sale. These strategies are your ticket to a record-breaking Black Friday and Cyber Monday. “Remember, preparation is key, but flexibility is your friend. Monitor, adapt, and react in real-time to keep your campaigns fresh and your customers engaged,” says Victor Ricci , CEO and co-founder of Mattered. If you’re preparing for the holiday rush and seeking expertise that delivers results, reach out to Mattered today. Let’s make this shopping season your most successful yet. Victor Ricci Victor Ricci

Early Birds Rule: 5 E-Commerce Moves for Black Friday Prep 

قاعدة الطيور المبكرة: 5 خطوات للتجارة الإلكترونية استعدادًا للجمعة السوداء

Правило за ранни птици: 5 стъпки за електронна търговия за подготовка за Черен петък 

La regla de los madrugadores: 5 estrategias de comercio electrónico para prepararse para el Black Friday

Early Birds Règ: 5 E-Commerce Deplasman pou Black Friday Prep 

Early Birds կանոն. 5 էլեկտրոնային առևտրի շարժում սև ուրբաթ նախապատրաստվելու համար 

早起きは三文の徳: ブラックフライデーに備える 5 つの E コマース戦略

Ерте құстардың ережесі: Қара жұмаға дайындыққа арналған 5 электрондық коммерция қозғалысы 

Early Birds Noteikums: 5 e-komercijas kustības Melnās piektdienas sagatavošanai 

Rregulli i hershëm i zogjve: 5 lëvizje të tregtisë elektronike për përgatitjen e së Premtes së Zezë 

Sheria ya Mapema ya Ndege: Hatua 5 za Biashara ya Mtandaoni kwa Maandalizi ya Ijumaa Nyeusi 

Nawu wa Tinyenyana ta le ku sunguleni: 5 wa E-Commerce Moves for Black Friday Prep 

Erta Qushlar qoidasi: Qora jumaga tayyorgarlik uchun 5 ta elektron tijorat harakati 

Seamless Moves: RGB++ Ports Assets Across Blockchains Without Cross-Chain Bridges

বিরামহীন চালনা: ক্রস-চেইন ব্রিজ ছাড়াই ব্লকচেইন জুড়ে RGB++ পোর্টের সম্পদ

Nahtlose Übertragung: RGB++ portiert Assets über Blockchains ohne Cross-Chain-Brücken

Movimientos fluidos: RGB++ transfiere activos a través de cadenas de bloques sin puentes entre cadenas

Déplacements fluides : les actifs des ports RGB++ sur les blockchains sans ponts entre chaînes

निर्बाध चालें: RGB++ क्रॉस-चेन ब्रिज के बिना ब्लॉकचेन में परिसंपत्तियों को पोर्ट करता है

シームレスな移動: RGB++ はクロスチェーン ブリッジなしでブロックチェーン間で資産を移植します

원활한 이동: 교차 체인 브리지 없이 블록체인 전반에 걸쳐 RGB++ 포트 자산

Movimentos contínuos: RGB++ transporta ativos em blockchains sem pontes entre cadeias

Бесшовные перемещения: RGB++ портирует активы между блокчейнами без межцепочных мостов

Kesintisiz Hareketler: RGB++ Bağlantı Noktaları Varlıkları Zincirler Arası Köprüler Olmadan Blok Zincirleri Arasında Taşır

Di chuyển liền mạch: Cổng RGB++ tài sản trên các chuỗi khối mà không cần cầu nối chuỗi chéo

无缝迁移：RGB++ 无需跨链桥即可跨区块链移植资产

I had the chance to catch up with Katy Koob, the newly appointed Vice President of Revenue at Dastan, the parent company of Decrypt and Rug Radio. With a background in leading media sales teams and a passion for decentralized economies, Katy shares her vision for the future of media, the challenges of the current Web2 model, and how Web3 technologies can transform the industry. This appointment comes at a time when revenue-focused leadership roles, such as Chief Revenue Officers and Growth Marketers, are experiencing a surge in demand, as highlighted in LinkedIn's "LinkedIn Jobs on the Rise 2024" report. Dastan's decision to prioritize revenue optimization aligns with broader industry trends and reflects its commitment to staying ahead of the curve in an evolving market. Q1: Congratulations on your new role at Dastan. Can you tell us about your journey and how it led you to this position? Thank you! My journey has been in the brand partnerships world, both in traditional and digital media, where I worked my way up to VP West Coast at Refinery29. During my time there, I was instrumental in scaling the business through strategic partnerships, innovative digital monetization strategies and expanding the company’s market presence globally. I’ve always been passionate about technology and its potential to reimagine industries and shift audience behaviors. My interest in decentralized economies and blockchain is long standing, I’ve been an early crypto investor and Web3 advisor. My combination of traditional media experience and futurist passion for the next phase of the internet made the opportunity at Dastan a perfect fit. Q2: What excites you the most about joining Dastan and working with brands like Decrypt and Rug Radio? The most exciting aspect is the combination of two of the most powerful brands in the space (Rug Radio & Decrypt) revolutionizing the media industry. The traditional Web2 media model is broken, with big tech controlling data and distribution, it’s no longer sustainable for creators and publishers. At Dastan, we’re building a decentralized media network that equitably benefits creators, consumers, publishers, and advertisers. Our innovative approach with blockchain and tokenized economies allows for a more equitable value exchange. I'm thrilled to be part of a company that's building a new model, and putting vitality back into digital media. Q3: How do you see Web3 technologies transforming the media landscape? Web3 is about ownership and the technologies have the potential to create a more transparent, efficient and mutually incentivized media ecosystem. By leveraging blockchain, we can ensure content creators are fairly compensated and have control over their creation and distribution. Tokenization enables new revenue streams and a direct relationship between creators and their audience. This transformation can break the monopoly of big tech and empower individuals, making the media industry more inclusive and sustainable. Q4: Can you tell us more about Dastan’s Content+ and its impact on users? Content+ is an application designed to transform how users interact with digital content. With over 100 million users in our ecosystem, including Rug Radio, Decrypt news, GG, Scene, Emerge, Decrypt U, and Degen Alley, Content+ we’ll be incentivizing all players involved through tokenized engagement. It’s about creating a seamless, rewarding experience for our users while ensuring creators get their share of the value they generate. This is a crucial step in our journey to build the world’s largest decentralized media network. Q5: What are your goals as the new Head of Revenue at Dastan? My primary goal is to help steward in the next phase of media while driving our revenue strategies and enhancing monetization opportunities for brands, creators and audiences alike. I aim to build thoughtful, strategic partnerships with leading advertisers and ensure that our partners share in the value creation for their customers. By leveraging my expertise and experience, I plan to solidify Dastan’s position as a leader in the Web3 media and creator economy sector, setting the new industry standard. Q6: What message would you like to share with the readers of HackerNoon? We’re at a pivotal moment in media where we need to reinvent, and with blockchain, the technology exists to do it. At Dastan, we’re building the new model. I encourage everyone to embrace the possibilities of Web3 and decentralized technologies. Together, we can create a more equitable, innovative, and sustainable media ecosystem that benefits everyone involved. I had the chance to catch up with Katy Koob , the newly appointed Vice President of Revenue at Dastan, the parent company of Decrypt and Rug Radio . With a background in leading media sales teams and a passion for decentralized economies, Katy shares her vision for the future of media, the challenges of the current Web2 model, and how Web3 technologies can transform the industry. Katy Koob Decrypt Decrypt Rug Radio This appointment comes at a time when revenue-focused leadership roles, such as Chief Revenue Officers and Growth Marketers, are experiencing a surge in demand, as highlighted in LinkedIn's "LinkedIn Jobs on the Rise 2024 " report. Dastan's decision to prioritize revenue optimization aligns with broader industry trends and reflects its commitment to staying ahead of the curve in an evolving market. "LinkedIn Jobs on the Rise 2024 "LinkedIn Jobs on the Rise 2024 Q1: Congratulations on your new role at Dastan. Can you tell us about your journey and how it led you to this position? Q1: Congratulations on your new role at Dastan. Can you tell us about your journey and how it led you to this position? Thank you! My journey has been in the brand partnerships world, both in traditional and digital media, where I worked my way up to VP West Coast at Refinery29. During my time there, I was instrumental in scaling the business through strategic partnerships, innovative digital monetization strategies and expanding the company’s market presence globally. I’ve always been passionate about technology and its potential to reimagine industries and shift audience behaviors. My interest in decentralized economies and blockchain is long standing, I’ve been an early crypto investor and Web3 advisor. My combination of traditional media experience and futurist passion for the next phase of the internet made the opportunity at Dastan a perfect fit. Q2: What excites you the most about joining Dastan and working with brands like Decrypt and Rug Radio? Q2: What excites you the most about joining Dastan and working with brands like Decrypt and Rug Radio? The most exciting aspect is the combination of two of the most powerful brands in the space (Rug Radio & Decrypt) revolutionizing the media industry. The traditional Web2 media model is broken, with big tech controlling data and distribution, it’s no longer sustainable for creators and publishers. At Dastan, we’re building a decentralized media network that equitably benefits creators, consumers, publishers, and advertisers. Our innovative approach with blockchain and tokenized economies allows for a more equitable value exchange. I'm thrilled to be part of a company that's building a new model, and putting vitality back into digital media. At Dastan, we’re building a decentralized media network that equitably benefits creators, consumers, publishers, and advertisers. Our innovative approach with blockchain and tokenized economies allows for a more equitable value exchange. I'm thrilled to be part of a company that's building a new model, and putting vitality back into digital media. Q3: How do you see Web3 technologies transforming the media landscape? Q3: How do you see Web3 technologies transforming the media landscape? Web3 is about ownership and the technologies have the potential to create a more transparent, efficient and mutually incentivized media ecosystem. By leveraging blockchain, we can ensure content creators are fairly compensated and have control over their creation and distribution. Tokenization enables new revenue streams and a direct relationship between creators and their audience. This transformation can break the monopoly of big tech and empower individuals, making the media industry more inclusive and sustainable. Q4: Can you tell us more about Dastan’s Content+ and its impact on users? Q4: Can you tell us more about Dastan’s Content+ and its impact on users? Content+ is an application designed to transform how users interact with digital content. With over 100 million users in our ecosystem, including Rug Radio, Decrypt news, GG, Scene, Emerge, Decrypt U, and Degen Alley, Content+ we’ll be incentivizing all players involved through tokenized engagement. It’s about creating a seamless, rewarding experience for our users while ensuring creators get their share of the value they generate. This is a crucial step in our journey to build the world’s largest decentralized media network. Content+ Q5: What are your goals as the new Head of Revenue at Dastan? Q5: What are your goals as the new Head of Revenue at Dastan? My primary goal is to help steward in the next phase of media while driving our revenue strategies and enhancing monetization opportunities for brands, creators and audiences alike. I aim to build thoughtful, strategic partnerships with leading advertisers and ensure that our partners share in the value creation for their customers. By leveraging my expertise and experience, I plan to solidify Dastan’s position as a leader in the Web3 media and creator economy sector, setting the new industry standard. By leveraging my expertise and experience, I plan to solidify Dastan’s position as a leader in the Web3 media and creator economy sector, setting the new industry standard. Q6: What message would you like to share with the readers of HackerNoon? Q6: What message would you like to share with the readers of HackerNoon? We’re at a pivotal moment in media where we need to reinvent, and with blockchain, the technology exists to do it. At Dastan, we’re building the new model. I encourage everyone to embrace the possibilities of Web3 and decentralized technologies. Together, we can create a more equitable, innovative, and sustainable media ecosystem that benefits everyone involved.

Media Moves: Katy Koob Joins Dastan to Drive Decentralized Growth

By Alex Korotkov, CEO @ PineOx.com Hello, everyone. My name is Alex Korotkov. I'm a serial startup founder. I've developed several social apps previously with millions of Daily Active Users, including apps for Fox Sports, Liverpool FC, PSG, RMC Sport, and more. Also, I was an internationally acknowledged political prisoner in Belarus, and that's why I chose to start a startup in the social sphere. Despite the technological and chemical advancements of the last decades, 99.9% of CO2 extraction from the atmosphere still relies on trees and soil. This fundamental reality underpins our mission at PineOx, where we harness the power of technology not to replace, but to amplify these natural processes. Our approach is simple yet profound: facilitate tree planting on a massive scale to combat climate change effectively. As the CEO of PineOx and a software developer with over a decade of experience in creating apps, I have directed our efforts toward developing a platform that empowers individuals worldwide to participate in environmental preservation. Our application not only makes it easier for anyone to contribute to stopping climate change but also ensures that their efforts are transparent and impactful. Tech-Driven Solutions At PineOx, we leverage emerging technologies to enhance our tree-planting efforts. These technologies allow us to track the growth and carbon sequestration impact of each tree, ensuring every participant can see the tangible results of their contributions. We initiated PineOx because polls showed a significant increase in demand for solutions that enable widespread participation in climate action. The services currently available on the market, primarily from non-profits, lack the transparency and social components necessary for a B2C tool to succeed. By filling this gap, we aim to engage as many people as possible in becoming more environmentally responsible. Every tree planted through our app comes with a digital twin, represented by an image and location data. This feature allows our users to verify the progress of their seedlings either by visiting the planting sites or by viewing satellite imagery available on platforms like Google Maps. Engagement Through Innovation One of our core challenges is differentiating ourselves in a crowded market. At PineOx, we bet on a unique and engaging user experience through simple yet unorthodox mechanics. Users engage with our platform by completing sustainability quizzes, and PineOx commits to planting a real tree for every two quizzes completed. We then send the user an image and location of the planted tree, thus maintaining a transparent and direct connection between our users' actions and their environmental impact. Our app educates users about their CO2 footprint through an intuitive interface that calculates their annual emissions. We then translate these figures into the number of trees needed to offset their footprint, usually one tree every 7-14 days, depending on their lifestyle habits. This educational tool has surprised many of our users, who often don't realize the extent of their impact on the environment. To keep users engaged and informed about the importance of their contributions, especially during significant events like Earth Day, PineOx sends push notifications reminding them to plant more trees to maintain their CO2 neutrality. This reminder is not just a nudge; it's an invitation to participate further in quizzes that deepen their understanding of their environmental impact. Future Outlook Looking forward, PineOx is committed to expanding our technological capabilities to further enhance our environmental impact. Our future roadmap includes integrating more advanced digital solutions to enable broader participation in tree planting, addressing the urgent need to counteract rapid deforestation. By focusing on scalable solutions, PineOx aims to plant billions of trees each year, bridging the gap between deforestation and reforestation rates and ensuring a healthier planet for future generations. This story was distributed under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. By Alex Korotkov, CEO @ PineOx.com By Alex Korotkov, CEO @ PineOx.com By Alex Korotkov, CEO @ PineOx.com Hello, everyone. My name is Alex Korotkov. I'm a serial startup founder. I've developed several social apps previously with millions of Daily Active Users, including apps for Fox Sports, Liverpool FC, PSG, RMC Sport, and more. Also, I was an internationally acknowledged political prisoner in Belarus, and that's why I chose to start a startup in the social sphere. Despite the technological and chemical advancements of the last decades, 99.9% of CO2 extraction from the atmosphere still relies on trees and soil. This fundamental reality underpins our mission at PineOx, where we harness the power of technology not to replace, but to amplify these natural processes. Our approach is simple yet profound: facilitate tree planting on a massive scale to combat climate change effectively. As the CEO of PineOx and a software developer with over a decade of experience in creating apps, I have directed our efforts toward developing a platform that empowers individuals worldwide to participate in environmental preservation. Our application not only makes it easier for anyone to contribute to stopping climate change but also ensures that their efforts are transparent and impactful. Tech-Driven Solutions Tech-Driven Solutions At PineOx, we leverage emerging technologies to enhance our tree-planting efforts. These technologies allow us to track the growth and carbon sequestration impact of each tree, ensuring every participant can see the tangible results of their contributions. We initiated PineOx because polls showed a significant increase in demand for solutions that enable widespread participation in climate action. The services currently available on the market, primarily from non-profits, lack the transparency and social components necessary for a B2C tool to succeed. By filling this gap, we aim to engage as many people as possible in becoming more environmentally responsible. Every tree planted through our app comes with a digital twin, represented by an image and location data. This feature allows our users to verify the progress of their seedlings either by visiting the planting sites or by viewing satellite imagery available on platforms like Google Maps. Engagement Through Innovation Engagement Through Innovation One of our core challenges is differentiating ourselves in a crowded market. At PineOx, we bet on a unique and engaging user experience through simple yet unorthodox mechanics. Users engage with our platform by completing sustainability quizzes, and PineOx commits to planting a real tree for every two quizzes completed. We then send the user an image and location of the planted tree, thus maintaining a transparent and direct connection between our users' actions and their environmental impact. Our app educates users about their CO2 footprint through an intuitive interface that calculates their annual emissions. We then translate these figures into the number of trees needed to offset their footprint, usually one tree every 7-14 days, depending on their lifestyle habits. This educational tool has surprised many of our users, who often don't realize the extent of their impact on the environment. To keep users engaged and informed about the importance of their contributions, especially during significant events like Earth Day, PineOx sends push notifications reminding them to plant more trees to maintain their CO2 neutrality. This reminder is not just a nudge; it's an invitation to participate further in quizzes that deepen their understanding of their environmental impact. Future Outlook Future Outlook Looking forward, PineOx is committed to expanding our technological capabilities to further enhance our environmental impact. Our future roadmap includes integrating more advanced digital solutions to enable broader participation in tree planting, addressing the urgent need to counteract rapid deforestation. By focusing on scalable solutions, PineOx aims to plant billions of trees each year, bridging the gap between deforestation and reforestation rates and ensuring a healthier planet for future generations. This story was distributed under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here

Tech-Driven Tree Planting: How PineOx Moves Beyond Traditional Methods

টেক-চালিত বৃক্ষ রোপণ: কিভাবে PineOx প্রথাগত পদ্ধতির বাইরে চলে যায়

Technologiegestützte Baumpflanzung: Wie PineOx über traditionelle Methoden hinausgeht

Plantación de árboles impulsada por la tecnología: cómo PineOx va más allá de los métodos tradicionales

Plantation d'arbres basée sur la technologie : comment PineOx va au-delà des méthodes traditionnelles

तकनीक-संचालित वृक्षारोपण: पाइनऑक्स कैसे पारंपरिक तरीकों से आगे बढ़ता है

テクノロジーを活用した植樹: PineOx が従来の方法を超える方法

기술 중심 나무 심기: PineOx가 전통적인 방법을 뛰어넘는 방법

Plantio de árvores baseado em tecnologia: como o PineOx vai além dos métodos tradicionais

Посадка деревьев на основе технологий: как PineOx выходит за рамки традиционных методов

Teknoloji Odaklı Ağaç Dikimi: PineOx Geleneksel Yöntemlerin Ötesine Nasıl Geçiyor?

Trồng cây dựa trên công nghệ: PineOx vượt xa các phương pháp truyền thống như thế nào

科技驱动的植树：PineOx 如何超越传统方法

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