John Densmore is ready to light your fire, Bergen County. The legendary drummer of The Doors, who was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1993, is signing copies of his new book "The Doors Unhinged: Jim Morrison's Legacy Goes On Trial" at Bookends in Ridgewood on Wednesday,

Meet John Densmore, The Doors Drummer, In North Jersey

In search of a little magic? Cast a spell on your home with these magical Harry Potter-inspired home decor items!

The Most Magical Harry Potter Home Decor So You Can Live In Your Very Own Hogsmeade

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Ottessa Moshfegh is an American novelist and short story writer who has become a more and more common name in literature throughout the twenty-first century. Her novels “My Year of

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A popular bookshop in Carlisle is continuing its annual tradition of collecting books and toys for children in need this Christmas.

Carlisle book shop to collect books and toys for children at Christmas

Bookends Carlisle make generous offer to children in need

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A love story told against a sweeping, decades-long backdrop of gay rights, “Fellow Travelers” finds its meatiest material in the Lavender Scare of the 1950s, and the persecution of gay government employees in the name of the fight against communism.

‘Fellow Travelers’ sets a ‘Lavender Scare’ love story against a backdrop of gay rights

This weekend’s full moon in Taurus/lunar eclipse bookends the mid- October solar eclipse that occurred as war broke out in the Middle East. An issue we’ve been wrestling with since then could lead to a new understanding. This full moon is called the ...

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Bookends

bookends

Mazer v. Stein, 347 U.S Court Filing, retrieved on September 27, 2023, is part of . You can jump to any part in this filing . This part is 3 of 3. HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series here Opinion of DOUGLAS, J Opinion of MR. JUSTICE DOUGLAS, in which MR. JUSTICE BLACK concurs. An important constitutional question underlies this case-a question which was stirred on oral argument but not treated in the briefs. It is whether these statuettes of dancing figures may be copyrighted. Congress has provided that "works of art," "models or designs for works of art," and "reproductions of a work of art" may be copyrighted (17 U. S. C. § 5); and the Court holds that these statuettes are included in the words "works of art." But may statuettes be granted the monopoly of the copyright? Article I, § 8 of the Constitution grants Congress the power "To promote the Progress of Science and Useful Arts, 1y securing for limited Times to Authors . . . the exclusive Right to their respective Writings .. " The power is thus circumscribed: it allows a monopoly to be granted only to "authors" for their "writings." Is a sculptor an "author" and is his statue a "writing" within the meaning of the Constitution? We have never decided the question. 111 U. S. 53, held that a photograph could be copyrighted. Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, o., 188 U. S. 239, held that chromolithographs to be used as adverti§ements for a circus were "pictorial illustrations" within the meaning of the copyright laws. Broad language was used in the latter case, ". . . a very modest grade of art has in it something irreducible, which is one man's alone. That something he may copyright unless there is a restriction in the* words of the act." 188 U. S., at 250. But the constitutional range of the meaning of "writings" in the field of art was not in issue either in the Bleistein case nor in , 344 U. S. 228, recently here on a writ of certiorari limited to a question of damages: Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing C Woolworth Co. v. Contemporary Arts At times the Court has on its own initiative considered and decided constitutional issues not raised, argued, or briefed by the parties. Such, for example, was the case of 294 U. S. 648, 667, in which the Court decided the constitutionality of § 77 of the Bankruptcy Act though the question was not noticed by any party. We could do the same here and decide the question here and now. This case, however, is not a pressing one, there being no urgency for a decision. Moreover the constitutional materials are quite meager (see Fenning, The Origin of the Patent and Copyright Clause of the Constitution,, 17 Geo. L. J. 109 (1929)); and much research is needed. Continental Bank v. Rock Island R. Co., The interests involved in the category of "works of art," as used in the copyright law, are considerable. The Copyright Office has supplied us with a long list of such articles which have been copyrighted-statuettes, book ends, clocks, lamps, door knockers, candlesticks, inkstands, chandeliers, piggy banks, sundials, salt and pepper shakers, fish bowls, casseroles, and ash trays. Perhaps these are all "writings" in the constitutional sense. But to me, at least, they are not obviously so. It is time that we came to the problem full face. I would accordingly put the case down for reargument. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. This court case No. 228 retrieved on September 27, 2023, from is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. tile.loc.gov

Lamps, Sculptures and the Concept of Separability

One of the oldest programming languages still used today is C. This language is among the most popular in the world, having gone as far to spawn offshoots such as C++ and C#. Those who are interested in learning a programming language have likely come across some variation of C, and those who already know these variations might already be familiar with the original. Of course, C is still very different from its successors, and learning it is not as simple as some might think. Aspiring programmers — and anyone else interested in technology — should check out the 6 best C programming books based on their Amazon reviews. Each item on this list is organized by their total number of reviews as well as their positive averages. Additionally, while there are many programming books out there, very few put a specialized focus on C itself, instead opting for offshoots like C++. This list will only focus on books meant solely for C, so don’t expect to find any compilation books here. The 6 Best C Programming Books Based on Amazon Reviews 6. C Programming Absolute Beginner’s Guide by Greg Perry and Dean Miller The is exactly what its title implies. Despite it being somewhat outdated, this guide provides an easy-to-understand introduction to C. Reviewers were very pleased with the book’s explanations and instructions, even if a few of them found themselves stuck at certain chapters. You might even find some success in using this book to teach kids how to code! That being said, many reviewers noted errors throughout the material, likely as a consequence of being built off of the older C11 version of the language. It still has plenty of uses, but it might not be the “absolute” beginner’s guide anymore. C Programming Absolute Beginner’s Guide Out of 637 total reviews, 73% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $29.99 Paperback, $23.99 Digital List Price: Buy now on (Digital) or (Paperback) Amazon AbeBooks 5. Programming in ANSI C (8th Edition) by E. Balagurusamy Rather than focusing on the entire C language, focuses on a standardized version of the language. The book covers many concepts found throughout ANSI C, instructing readers on how to perform various operations. Reviewers are generally pleased with the content found within, including an abundance of questions and concepts that can be useful for advanced users alongside newcomers. Programming in ANSI C Unfortunately, some reviewers noted issues with their copies of Programming in ANSI C. Some received damaged books while others had entire pages missing. Be aware of this if you decide to make the purchase, as even items marked “New” might have a few problems for those who aren’t careful. Out of 1,128 total reviews, 68% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $21.60 List Price: Buy now on or Amazon AbeBooks 4. C In Depth by Deepali Srivastava is another useful resource for beginners looking to delve into C programming. This book contains over 400 pages of information on the language, with many reviewers praising it as one of the best books to start with. Sadly, like with E. Balagurusamy’s offering, many reviewers found themselves unhappy with the physical quality of this resource. Some reported issues with the internal CD being taken from its packaging before arrival, while others found the book itself to be in poor condition. Once again, take care when purchasing this item from unofficial sellers. Even if the material is top-notch, it won’t be much use if the book ends up in pieces. C In Depth Out of 1,266 total reviews, 66% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $30.95 List Price: Buy now on or Amazon AbeBooks 3. Let Us C by Yashavant Kanetkar is part of a long line of books updated almost yearly. While is available for purchase, the 17th edition is still fairly recent and is the most well-reviewed version of Yashavant Kanetkar’s offerings. While reviewers seem to be torn on how well it can be used for beginners, they still recommend this book thanks to how much material it covers. There are few books that go as in-depth as this one, making it a great choice for advanced users and beginners alike. Just be aware that, once again, some reviewers encountered issues with reprints and poor physical quality. As always, make sure you obtain these books from reputable sellers! Let Us C the 18th edition Out of 2,079 total reviews, 67% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $24.95 List Price: Buy now on or Amazon VitalSource 2. The C Programming Language by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie might be one of the oldest programming books you’ll ever find. Surprisingly, it’s also one of the best. Thanks to it covering the standardized ANSI C language, much of what it teaches can be applied to programming in the modern world. Reviewers praise the book as a fantastic reference, with many of them praising how concise it is while still being very detailed. The C Programming Language A common complaint about this book is how it lacks beginner-friendliness. Many reviewers have noted problems with the print type and the lack of introductory details. This is a book that you’ll need to sink some time into, especially if you don’t already have knowledge of C. If you already happen to know a fair amount about the language, you’ll be hard-pressed to find a better resource than this one. Out of 3,557 total reviews, 82% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $38.36 List Price: Buy now on or Amazon AbeBooks 1. C Programming Language by Darrel L. Graham Though it shares a similar name to the previous item on this list, Darrel Graham’s offers its own style of teaching. This unique style has led to more mixed reviews than other books here, as it focuses on explaining terms and concepts rather than providing exercises or challenges. It tops this list due to the sheer number of reviews, but it actually has the lowest 5-star average of any other book here. C Programming Language There is one benefit that Darrel Graham’s offering boasts. It’s the only book on this list to offer its digital version completely for free. It’s unknown if this offer will last, but its relatively low price still makes it a fine companion piece to a more robust programming book. Out of 3,818 total reviews, 62% gave this book 5 stars Reviews: $7.98 List Price: Buy now on (Digital) or (Paperback) Amazon AbeBooks What to Look For When Choosing The Best C Programming Book Based on Reviews Since this language has numerous offshoots, you’ll want to make sure you’re getting a book on C and not one of its variations such as C#. There are surprisingly few books on this language in comparison to others. You’ll also want to be wary of newer books and outdated versions. While the C language has some standardization, it still has some updates that you’ll want to keep an eye on, including versions like C17. As long as you’re thorough in your search for C programming books, you should be able to find plenty of material! If you’re interested in seeing how C has inspired other languages, try checking out the best and ranked by reviews! C++ books JavaScript books

6 Best C Programming Books Ranked by Review Scores

Los 6 mejores libros de programación en C clasificados por puntajes de revisión

6 meilleurs livres de programmation C classés par notes de révision

6 सर्वश्रेष्ठ सी प्रोग्रामिंग पुस्तकें समीक्षा स्कोर द्वारा रैंक की गईं

レビュースコアでランク付けされた6つの最高のCプログラミング本

6 melhores livros de programação C classificados por pontuações de revisão

6 cuốn sách lập trình C hay nhất được xếp hạng theo điểm đánh giá

6 本最佳 C 编程书籍（按评论分数排名）

R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), by Karel Capek is part of the HackerNoon Book series. You can jump to any chapter in this book here .  PROPERTY LIST PROPERTY LIST Throughout: Dark grey carpet ground cloth. ACT ONE 1 Desk. 1 Hat rack. 1 Swivel chair. 4 Plain office chairs—high back. 2 Low back chairs. 1 Typewriter table. 1 Couch. Cushions on all seats. 2 Cabinets. Flowers. Box candy. 1 Pad and blotter. 1 Letter opener. 1 Cigarette box. 1 Inkwell stand. 1 Practical buzzer (6 buttons). 1 Television. 1 Rubber stamp. 1 Pad of scrap paper. Typewritten letters. Telephone. Furniture: Properties on Domin’s desk: Bottle paste. Typewriter. Paper (for letters). On Typewriter Table: OFF STAGE 1 Silver card tray (Marius). 1 Apron (Busman). 1 Napkin (Alquist). 1 Fountain pen (for Busman). 1 Telephone buzzer. 1 Siren whistle. Off R.: Off L.: ACTS TWO AND THREE 1 Desk table. 1 Reading table. 1 Small oval table. 1 Table back of couch. 1 Blue armchair. 1 Armchair. 2 Straight chairs. 1 Fireplace. 1 Couch. 4 Pillows. Lace curtains on windows. Furniture: PROPERTIES 1 Pair binoculars. 1 Turquoise lamp (shade). 1 Telephone (same as Act I.) 1 China double inkwell. 1 Pen. Writing paper and envelopes. 5 French Reviews. 2 London Times. 1 Bystander. 5 English magazines. 2 Book ends (wooden). 5 French novels. 1 Lamp (wooden) with shade. 1 Brass match box (containing matches). 1 Burnt paper in fireplace (tacked). Small Robot doll. 2 Browning guns. 1 Poker. On Desk: On Table L.C.: On Table R.C.: At Fireplace: FF STAGE 1 Brass tray (with handles). On tray: 1 Glass decanter with “Cognac.” 4 Brandy glasses. 3 Pots of flowers (for Domin, Fabry, Hallemeier). 2 Manifesto (for Fabry and Helena). 1 Fountain pen (Busman). 1 Box with pearls (for Domin). 1 Box with cameo (for Domin). 1 Pair of glasses for Nana. 1 Revolver. Electric card and switch box (Fabry). Rope and stick to bind Radius. 1 Large ledger for Busman. 2 Knives for Robots. 1 Piano. Off L.: Bundle of old papers (manuscripts). 3 Newspapers. 1 Loaded revolver. 1 Pad—shots. 2 Cannons (loaded). 1 Wind machine. 1 Shot gun (loaded). 1 Tin Whistle. Off R.: In Cellar: EPILOGUE 1 Plain table. 1 Small table. 3 Chairs (1 same as armchair in 2nd and 3rd Acts). Same furniture as Act I. 1 Wall cabinet. 3 Books. 2 Anatomy books. Papers. 1 Pencil. 1 Student lamp. 1 Microscope with glass plate. 8 Test tubes in wooden stand. 4 Drug bottles. 2 Large glass test bottles. 1 Scalpel. Furniture: On Plain Table R.C.: On Small Table L.C.: SOUND EFFECT record for this play can be secured from Thomas J. Valentino, 729 Seventh Avenue, New York, N.Y. R. U. R. LIGHT PLOT The foots consist of two sections numbering from Left to Right, 1 and 2 amber, blue and white. The first border consists of eleven 250-watt baby spots, placed about one and a half feet apart and numbered from 7 to 17. Overhead X-rays consist of three sections containing the mediums: Blue, steel-blue, and frost. At stage Left and up stage are 2 1000-watt baby spots on permanent stand. At stage Right and up stage are 3 500-watt baby spots on permanent stands. Back stage illumination consists of 5 1000-watt bunch lights hanging blue, and 5 1000-watt bunch lights hanging frost. Off stage Left and up stage is a low stand lamp, 1000-watt amber. Back stage on floor are 2 1000 bunch floor lamps of 1000-watt each to illuminate the back drop. In Epilogue a Linnebach lamp (arc with glass slide) to throw silhouette of factory on back drop. There are three practical table lamps. In Act III a shaded reading lamp. In Epilogue a desk lamp and a goose-neck. There is a 1000 amber on red spot in fireplace to be used in Act II. R. U. R. LIGHT CUES Act I. Nothing. Act II. Fireplace on when Nana strikes match. Off when Nana says “There, that’s the end of them.” Act III. (one) table lamp and #17 off at start of Act, on at cue from Fabry: “Ah, they are there.” Off on “And they are working.” (Two) Table lamp and #17 spot on at cue “Our people are still there”—off on cue “A torch to be handed from age to age, from hand to hand forever.” (Three) Dim first-border spots #9, 10, and back stage hanging bunches on cue “Anything can be bought for half a billion.” (Four) The table “lamp-out” second time works simultaneous with the black out on cue: “A torch to be handed from hand to hand, from age to age.” Everything is pulled out except #18 and 20 (deep blue). (Five) With explosions in cellar the 2 1500-watt floor lamps at back (red) and brought up quickly to full and worked up and down quickly on dimmer until Radius enters, when they remain on full to end of Act. EPILOGUE A frost 1000-watt spot (frost) on stand off stage are lighted and blinded at rise. The blinds are opened when Radius exits. The light floods the room through door at R. The blinds are closed when the Robot exits on cue: “The Robots are stronger than you.” With entrance of Helena and Primus the sunrise effect begins. Floor lamp and stand lamp up stage at Right, both amber. With sunrise effect bring up #24 pink and #21 rose-pink. Foots up to 1/2 and overhead Xray (pink, frost, and steel-blue) full up. When all this is up to mark, dim #17 to out. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Capek, Karel. 2019. R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots). Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved April 2022 from https://www.gutenberg.org/files/59112/59112-h/59112-h.htm This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org , located at https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html .

R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots): PROPERTY LIST

R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots): Act Two - Helena’s Drawing Room—Ten years later. Morning

(Scroll down to the hack) ‘Lying’ by Sam Harris explores why we lie to one another. Is someone with makeup lying to us about their appearance? We’ve all been Seinfeld & Aziz at the restaurant. And we do it because lying is easier. The social scientist will point out ☝️the effort vs benefit of ethical responsibility is too high☝️ And so, we shouldn’t be surprised that our users lie to us. It’s what makes listening to users an underrated skill. Most times, we don’t even intend to lie. We just forget to think about the truth. We fall prey to biases and tricks that the mind plays on us. Like the availability bias. Someone asks us “What’s keeping you up at night?” and we blurt out the first thing our minds make available to us. Not a great question to ask. By the way, congratulations if you’re already talking to users. Having spent hundreds of hours doing it at multiple ventures, I can tell you’re already. Most people don’t even do it. People don’t talk to users for a variety of reasons. It’s uncomfortable. You’re troubling someone. You need to say please and thank you. It’s scary. You may mess it up. You’re thinking about what to ask next. And not listening to what they’re saying. As such, many organizations and individuals hide behind surveys, or just read support tickets and data. Others justify different priorities, or.. just look busy. Hack Question (HQ) Get started on a call today by simply asking the user this again and again “And what did you do next?” Some theory and nuance follow, but if you want to skip it and hop on a call, just go on try it! It’s a Hack question for a reason It helps recall vs reimagine: We’re terrible at reimagining others’ worlds. “If I cooked up some tapioca balls and put them in tea would you drink it?” Err… sure! It’s open vs close-ended: Asking close-ended questions isn’t useful. It allows the easy way out. “How is everything?” Great! It’s non-leading vs leading: Leading questions make it easy for someone to lie. “This recipe is from my grandmother, isn’t it amazing” Yes! It forces detail: Building products is a high detail activity. Simply knowing “world hunger is a problem” doesn’t help you decide what to cook next. It uncovers jobs to be done: Every successful product solves some job. This question forces the user to recall jobs they need to do to accomplish a goal. Meeting bookends You naturally don’t want to start and finish the call with a Hack question. So, what do bookends look like? Smile, thank, and welcome your guest. Let them know it isn’t an inquisition. You’re just trying to understand better. Ok to record? Intro: Ask exactly what your product intends to solve. Remember we’re going for detail. Kickoff: “Tell me about the last time you bought steak at a food truck”. Depending on their response, adjust, but . They may be further up the buyer journey. That’s ok, you’ll get different information from this audience. Like how to acquire them. settle into HQ asap Speak from the heart. Big thank you, it was a valuable conversation and meant a lot. Finish: a BANTer s you get better at it You’ve overcome the initial fear. Now learn to BANTer between HQs as they describe pain points. Budget: Have you spent money on solving that? Authority: Did you need to get an ok from someone else first? Need: Do you really need to solve it, how many hrs/week do you get back? Timing: When was the last time you faced this, how often do you face it? It’s a sales discovery technique but applies to feature discovery too. Not every pain point is worth solving. Uncover the one to focus on. Don’t panic, and good luck! 😅

Hack Calmer Conversations and Get Reliable Feedback from Users

In 2021, hosted the first-ever awards!! HackerNoon Startup of the Year The goal of this campaign was to give recognition to the hardworking startups who pulled through the pandemic -- growing and thriving (despite all of the challenges). More than 44,000 startups were nominated all across the globe! They were selected from over 4,553 cities, with a total number of * cough * “4 billion” votes. Insane, right? To see who is a winner in each respective city, visit and pick a city. The name at the top of the list is the winner. (Compromised awards are under review. Cities with tie votes will be updated to have two winners!) startups.hackernoon.com The will announce the winners per region in their respective cities. Startups Winners Announcement series Here are the winners in the : Asia region Top Startup Cities in East Asia Seoul The Startup of the Year in is with 377 votes! Seoul dable Central is the Startup of the Year! It came out ahead with 121 votes. UpNow Central Sheung Wan came out as the Startup of the Year in with 154 votes. Votee Sheung Wan Tokyo The Startup of the Year in is with 41 votes! Tokyo ACES Wan Chai The Startup of the Year in is with 54 votes! Wan Chai Zetl Osaka, Japan In , is the winner! Osaka Nanophoton Taiwan came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Tico Taiwan Dongcheng, China In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Dongcheng Waiju Taipei came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Tico Taipei Akasaka In , is the winner! Akasaka WAKUWAKU Chuo In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Chuo GO-NET Ginza came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Netyear Ginza Kanazawa In , is the winner! Kanazawa Granzella Minami-aoyama In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Minami-aoyama Tokyo6 Entertainment Shibuya came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Hupro Japan Shibuya Toranomon In , is the winner! Toranomon Small Worlds Toshima In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Toshima Altplus Guangzhou, China came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Leyaoyao Guangzhou Hong Kong, Hong Kong In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Hong Kong Episode Six Kunming In , is the winner! Kunming Green A Sapporo In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Sapporo Polar Star Space Shirokanedai came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Nupp1 Shirokanedai Wuhan In , is the winner! Wuhan CSICEE Baoan, China In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Baoan Jumper Baoshan, China In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Baoshan Renren Games Chengdu, China came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Ju You Xi Chengdu Fujisawa, Japan In , is the winner! Fujisawa Scohia Pharma Fukuoka, Japan In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Fukuoka Kyulux Haidian, China came out as the Startup of the Year in ! 51vv Haidian Hongkou, China In , is the winner! Hongkou Kidstone Jiading, China In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Jiading IMRobotic Kawasaki, Japan came out as the Startup of the Year in ! QD Laser, Inc. Kawasaki Kyoto, Japan In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kyoto Hacarus Minato, Japan In , is the winner! Minato Visionary Fun Nagoya, Japan came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Prodrone Nagoya Ningbo, China The winner in is . Ningbo OlymTech Corporation Aomori In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Aomori Forte Japan Bandai-cho In , is the winner. Bandai-cho Delta-Fly Pharm Changchun In , the Startup of the Year is . Changchun Kaidi Animation Fuchu In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Fuchu TMS Fukuoka-shi The winner in is . Fukuoka-shi SkyDisc Fukushima In , the Startup of the Year is . Fukushima Matsuri Technologies Gotanda In , is the winner. Gotanda Basset Hachioji In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Hachioji Adriakaim Harbin The winner in is J . Harbin oining Technology Iwaki In , is the winner. Iwaki Tao Engineering Izumo In , the Startup of the Year is . Izumo PuREC Kagoshima In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kagoshima Farmers Support Kamakura In , the Startup of the Year is . Kamakura KAYAC Kami-meguro The winner in is . Kami-meguro Buzzreach Kanagawa In , is the winner. Kanagawa LoiLo Kashiwa In , the Startup of the Year is . Kashiwa Intelligent Surfaces Kita In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kita Ax Robotix Kobe The winner in is . Kobe Coconomi Koriyama In , the Startup of the Year is . Koriyama Tocoton Kumamoto In , is the winner. Kumamoto Bloom Technology Kunitachi In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kunitachi Trys Liaocheng The winner in is . Liaocheng Jinzheng Animation Minami In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Minami ATLAB Miyazaki In , is the winner. Miyazaki Caster Nagano In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Nagano Precision Forestry Nagaoka The winner in is . Nagaoka Plant Form Nihombashi-hamacho In , the Startup of the Year is . Nihombashi-hamacho Shizen Energy Niigata In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Niigata UniBio Japan Nishi-shinagawa In , is the winner. Nishi-shinagawa Play Heart Okayama In , is the winner! Okayama Arch Farm Okinawa In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Okinawa BlogNinja Otemachi In , the Startup of the Year is . Otemachi beBit, Inc Qingdao Shi In , is the winner! Qingdao Shi Manyoubang Quanzhou In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Quanzhou KungFu Animation Group Roppongi The winner in is . Roppongi Holo-X Saitama In , the Startup of the Year is . Saitama GameTector Sendai In , is the winner! Sendai Sendai Smart Machines Setagaya In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Setagaya Skyestate Shenzhen In , the Startup of the Year is . Shenzhen Aiator Shinjuku In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Shinjuku Scalar Shizuoka In , is the winner! Shizuoka PiPhotonics Sumida The winner in is . Sumida Holotch Tachikawa In , the Startup of the Year is . Tachikawa PlusOne Takamatsu In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Takamatsu Ken Robotec Tokushima In , is the winner! Tokushima DennoKotsu Toyonaka In , the Startup of the Year is . Toyonaka FISH BIOTECH Tsukuba In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Tsukuba WARPSPACE Wakayama In , the Startup of the Year is . Wakayama 4D Sensor Xiangzhou In , is the winner! Xiangzhou ALLiN Edutech Group Xianyang The winner in is . Xianyang TONLY Xiaoshan In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Xiaoshan GONGHUI Yamaguchi In , the Startup of the Year is . Yamaguchi Archis Yangpu The winner in is . Yangpu Tmxmall Yau Tsim Mong In , is the winner! Yau Tsim Mong Airnugget Yeoksamdong In , the Startup of the Year is . Yeoksamdong WizSchool Yichang In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Yichang Hubei Kento Electronic Yokohama In , is the winner! Yokohama Next Innovation Yubei In , the Startup of the Year is . Yubei Ophiux Network Yueqing The winner in is . Yueqing Yueqing Easythink Media Zhuhai In , is the winner! Zhuhai Aijuba Hongo In , the Startup of the Year is . Hongo Smile Robotics, Inc Admiralty In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Admiralty BUNCH Southern In , the Startup of the Year is . Southern Retykle Yongdungpo In , is the winner! Yongdungpo Push News Taichung In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Taichung Wondercise Cyberport, Hong Kong In , the Startup of the Year is . Cyberport Animoca Brands Hefei, China In , is the winner! Hefei Tsinglink New Territories, Hong Kong The winner in is . New Territories, Hong Kong Zeek Dezhou In , the Startup of the Year is . Dezhou Dezhou Baji Kitakyushu In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kitakyushu Reif Seongnam In , is the winner! Seongnam EOFlow Yanshi In , the Startup of the Year is . Yanshi CASI Vision Top Startup Cities in South Asia Hyderabad, India The Startup of the Year in is with 962 votes Hyderabad Quixy Lahore, Pakistan is the Startup of the Year! 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Jamshedpur Intelliber Kabul The winner in is Kabul Miracle Shop (Vocinno Technology) Karur In , is the winner Karur Karur Vysya Bank Kochi The winner in is Kochi BestDoc Kozhikode In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kozhikode OfficeKit HR Ludhiana In , the Startup of the Year is Ludhiana Trendy Beat Network Madhapur In , is the winner! Madhapur Head Digital Works Mangalore When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year Mangalore Hangyo Nagpur came out as the Startup of the Year in ! UPrudence Agro Nagpur Rawalpindi The Startup of the Year in is Rawalpindi Pro Options Marketing Rishikesh came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Descatuk Rishikesh Secunderabad couldn’t be beaten for Startup of the Year in Prakriti Biosystems Engineering Secunderabad Tirupur In , is the winner! Tirupur Tubeknit Fashions Udupi The winner in is Udupi Krishitantra Top Startup Cities in Southeast Asia Singapore, Singapore The Startup of the Year in is with 6556 votes! Singapore Cake DeFi Hanoi, Vietnam is the Startup of the Year! It came out ahead with 683 votes. DeFi For You Hanoi Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia came out as the Startup of the Year in with 109 votes! Trambellir Kuala Lumpur Pasig, Philippines When it comes to , . is the Startup of the Year with 110 votes! Pasig Quickreach Inc Bangkok, Thailand couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in , it won with 60 votes! Perception Codes Bangkok Johor Bahru In , the Startup of the Year is . Johor Bahru AGR1 Bandung, Indonesia In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Bandung Prosa Portugal The winner in is . Portugal SCEMAI Tangerang, Indonesia In , is the winner Tangerang Yummy Corp Jakarta, Indonesia In , is the winner! Jakarta Tokocrypto Dki Jakarta, Indonesia In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Dki Jakarta Limakilo Bangkok Metropolis In , is the winner! Bangkok Meticuly Medan The winner in is ! Medan DIKA Manila, Philippines In , is declared the Startup of the Year! 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Kuningan Prinzio Bukit Merah came out as the Startup of the Year in ! DC Alliance Bukit Merah Huai Khwang In , the Startup of the Year is . Huai Khwang AppMan Co.,Ltd Kuta In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Kuta Gringgo Mandaluyong came out ahead as the Startup of the Year! Work Inspire Mandaluyong Midview City In , is the winner! Midview City BioMers Phuket The Startup of the Year in is ! Phuket Sapahn Yangon, Myanmar The winner in is . Yangon Wave Money Denpasar When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year! Denpasar Revasi Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand The winner in is . Nakhon Ratchasima Siam Lottery co., Ltd Taguig, Philippines In , is the winner! Taguig PayMongo Bogor came out as the Startup of the Year in ! TIRANYX Bogor Senai, Malaysia won as the Startup of the Year. Nutrition Technologies Senai Bekasi Kota couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in ! 8villages Bekasi Kota Top Startup Cities in Middle East Tel Aviv, Israel The Startup of the Year in is with 1,065 votes! Tel Aviv hyro Beirut, Lebanon is the Startup of the Year! It came out ahead with 1,276 votes. Hovi Digital Lab Beirut Riyadh, Saudi Arabia With 350 votes, came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Flicron Riyadh Tel Aviv-yafo, Israel When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year with 167 votes! Tel Aviv-yafo Cymbio Haifa, Israel couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in , it won with 183 votes! Pico Haifa Amman, Jordan In , with 141 votes, is the winner! Amman Edexy Dubai, United Arab Emirates In , the Startup of the Year is with 74 votes. Dubai Ziina Doha, Qatar In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Doha SkipCash Tehran, Iran The winner in is . BeyondBoard AR Tehran Jerusalem, Israel In , is the winner! Jerusalem SolidBlock Rishon Le Zion The Startup of the Year in is ! Rishon Le Zion Passparto Ness Ziona, Israel is the Startup of the Year! Soapy Ness Ziona Kuwait, Kuwait came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Brapper Shop Kuwait Manama, Bahrain couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in ! Doctori Manama Lod, Israel is the winner in ! Phinergy Lod Agudat Israel, Israel When it comes to is the Startup of the Year with [vote ] votes! Agudat Israel, Aqaurius Engines Beersheba, Israel In , the Startup of the Year is . Beersheba Visual Estate Ltd Giv'atayim, Israel In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Giv'atayim WSC Sports Modi'in, Israel The winner in is . Modi'in Loginno Nazareth, Israel In , is the winner! Nazareth AR Guide In Medical Ramat Gan, Israel The Startup of the Year in is . Ramat Gan Datos Health Baghdad When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year! Baghdad Mishwar Khobar In , the Startup of the Year is . Khobar Garage Misgav couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in ! Eden Shield Misgav Sharjah came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Bookends Sharjah Affula In , the Startup of the Year is . Affula eMotion Technologies Bene Beraq, Israel In , is the winner Bene Beraq Reflectiz Caesarea, Israel In , the Startup of the Year is . Caesarea CardiacSense Dubayy In , is declared the Startup of the Year! Dubayy North Ladder Muscat couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in ! iLab Marine Muscat Tirat Carmel In , the Startup of the Year is . Tirat Carmel PassCall Advanced Technologies Hod Hasharon, Israel The winner in is . Hod Hasharon Idomoo Holon, Israel came out ahead as the Startup of the Year! OptimalPlus Holon Jeddah, Saudi Arabia When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year! Jeddah Arabian Combustion Technologies Ramat Hasharon, Israel is the Startup of the Year! Lumen Ramat Hasharon Al Khobar came out as the Startup of the Year in ! Swyft Al Khobar Bet Shemesh In , is the winner! Bet Shemesh Degania Medical Binyamina When it comes to , is the Startup of the Year! Binyamina OncoHost Makkah In , the Startup of the Year is Makkah Scimagine Or Akiva Last but not least, couldn’t be beaten for Startup in the Year in the city of ! WMT Or Akiva More Information: If you’re a winner, please answer ! If you’re a reader, participant, just a curious individual, consider answering one of our interviews . this interview here Read the FAQs about or . Startups here here To see all of the winners you may visit , pick any city and view the name that appears at the top. this site If you’re interested in partnering with us, we invite you to look through some of these or reach out to our business department. unique sponsorship options Perhaps creating your very own tickles your fancy or maybe you have a whole new idea for how we can partner! writing contest Thank you to all of our sponsors! We truly appreciate your contribution to the tech world and thus the future! The Startups Awards are sponsored by: , , , , , , , , , , Blockster Brex FreeCodeCamp LaunchDarkly Coil Udacity Udemy Vercel Asia Pacific Transgender Network Bybit Everscale Network The post was written by Kushal Tamrakar and Valerie Ejegi, edited by Hang Ngo. If you have any questions or concerns or would like to report a discrepancy please email ellen@hackernoon.com.

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Etymologically, procrastination comes from the Latin word meaning “deferred till the morning” or “belonging to tomorrow “. Naturally, there is a better side of postponing work where we can use purposeful delaying of our work as a creative way to let ideas and concepts grow arms and legs. The difference between meaningful task delaying and procrastination is when a tomorrow to accomplish that specific work never quite arrives. procrastinare, A common opinion is that procrastination is about poor time management skills or that procrastination is related to character flaws such as laziness or lack of self-control. Another school of thought is that procrastination is our inability to regulate our emotions. “ ,” said professor of psychology Tim Pychyl. Procrastination is an emotion regulation problem, not a time management problem From an emotional perspective, procrastination is a coping mechanism for negative emotions such as boredom, frustration, self-doubt, anxiety that we experiment when we associate work with pain (the task is tedious, too complex, too vague, or too far away in the future). Because we crave relief from such intense emotions, we turn our attention to funny videos, social media, the latest news, cleaning around the house, labelling pictures and folders. Procrastination shares features with addiction. It offers temporary excitement and relief from sometimes boring reality. It is easy to fool yourself, for example, into thinking that the best use of any given moment is surfing the web for information instead of actually reading the textbook or doing the assigned problems. You will start to tell yourself stories. Barbara Oakley Oh, don’t I know it too well! On a few occasions, instead of writing an article, I did “productive” procrastination by researching ideas for that article until I ended up with 30-40 pages of unedited content. And what would I tell myself after I “finished” the research? Of course, now this draft is too heavy, better to start fresh with another article. Case Western Reserve University in Ohio had an exciting study, aptly called about procrastination. Researchers studied the behaviours of participants who were told they would take an arithmetic test. Before the test, researchers made participants experience bad feelings or happy feelings by reading different stories (good mood versus bad mood). Emotional Distress Regulation Takes Precedence Over Impulse Control: If You Feel Bad, Do It! Then, some of the participants were made to believe that their moods could either be affected or be unchanged (mood can change versus mood is frozen). Later, participants had some time before the arithmetic test. They were told they could practice for the test or engage with any of the other things in the room until the test started. Some participants had interesting and challenging distractions such as video games or up-to-date popular magazines (exciting distractors). For others, the distracting objects were preschool-level electronic puzzle games or outdated technical journals (boring distractors). After the test, researchers made sure participants left the testing room in a positive mood to undo any potential bad spirits resulting from reading the sad stories. According to results, procrastination was highest when people were in a bad mood, they believed that their mood could be changed, and the distracting options appeared to be highly enjoyable. However, procrastination was lower when researchers led people to think that their moods were immune to change (frozen). The study concludes that “ If so, its contribution to the many failures of impulse control that pervade modern life may be substantial. .” the tendency to seek to feel better by indulging in forbidden pleasures may be one common response to emotional distress. Some people may end up paying a very high price for a better mood Strategies against procrastination I must note that I write these articles of self-improvement primarily for myself, to read them when I feel I lost my balance. Not too long ago, whenever I found myself procrastinating, I used to get caught in a self-flagellation act. I berated myself for failing me or others. Still, my attitude about procrastination changed. How? I started following the strategies described below. Making the first step There’s no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation of it. Alfred Hitchcock Hitchcock was onto something, as showed that for people with high levels of math anxiety, the pain centres of the brain lighted up while an upcoming math task, and the pain disappeared the math performance itself. a medical imaging study anticipating during More often than not, we experiment with unpleasant feelings before starting our work. Once we finally start working, we discover that we might end up enjoying the work we tend to postpone. How to get started? Before starting, we need to define , as abstract plans tend to make us procrastinate more. An overwhelming task broken into smaller, actionable tasks doesn’t look daunting anymore. clear, well-defined, and time-constrained goals Then, as it is easier to avoid temptations altogether than to resist them: the phone is in another room, we use site blockers, we log out from social media sites, etc. we can make the procrastination cues invisible Sometimes, a new environment is better to help break old habits, as we are not fighting against old cues. Related to the experiment described in previous sections (sad versus good mood), if our jobs don’t depend on it, we might need to , as we are most likely to become sad and prone to procrastination. skip reading the news first thing in the morning A well-known strategy to start work is to use a few cycles of . talks about the Pomodoro technique Barbara Oakley doing at least one Pomodoro as soon as we wake up, as this method is incredibly effective against procrastination. Another strategy is one that Tim Pychyl mentions in his book, . He learned to And so, he immediately starts with that specific task. Solving the Procrastination Puzzle recognize a task avoidance thought (“I’ll feel more like doing this later.”) as a signal to procrastinate. Anne Lamott writes in her book that Start sloppy. Bird By Bird Almost all good writing begins with terrible first efforts. You need to start somewhere. Start by getting something—anything—down on paper. What I’ve learned to do when I sit down to work on a shitty first draft is to quiet the voices in my head. Too many expectations from our work build to procrastination. But deliberately creating a prototype to be messy has an incredible freeing effect on the mind: knowing we don’t have to deliver a masterpiece on our first try makes it much easier to start and then to continue. The method of starting small and continuing with minor changes is better known as . Kaizen is a deceptively simple and utterly brilliant system that can bring winds of attitude change as initial resistance starts melting. Instead of focusing on intimidating questions and high expectations, we can break these targets into absurdly little milestones that we will try to hit consistently. Too many times, we tend to overlook the power of small steps. Still, over extended periods, tiny steps will compound into significant results. Start small. kaizen Sometimes, I would give myself a 5-minute break before working, and when the timer buzzes, I know I have to start. Start with a break. (self-regulatory strategies in the form of an “if-then” plan). Being more specific about our intentions will eliminate ambiguity. The most common procrastination cues are time and location. Thus, we can set implementation intentions  using time and location: Implementation intentions I will start studying at [TIME] in [LOCATION]. If [OBSTACLE] happens, then I will do [STUDYING ALTERNATIVE]. We can combine these techniques with (we tend to remember incomplete tasks more easily than finished tasks). We can have tasks half-finished at the end of our day, so we can quickly jump straight into resolving that task the following day (with a Pomodoro cycle or not). the Zeigarnik effect What comes after the first step? To continue the first step, a toolkit of strategies is necessary. As I touched on these strategies in other articles linked at the end of this article, I will only post a summary in this article. toward ourselves, as we most definitely will fail on some days. No other anti-procrastination strategies will work if we can’t show self-compassion, self-forgiveness and patience when we find ourselves bored or anxious about our work. Compassion and patience One of the most effective techniques to learn self-compassion is meditation. The meditation practice I prefer most against procrastination is This form of meditation might not come easy as we are not used to identifying and naming challenging emotions or thoughts. RAIN – Recognize, Allow, Investigate, and Nurture emotions. When anxiety, anger, frustration, worry, or other similar feelings arise in our body, we tend to avoid them, control them, hide them, lie about them, deny them, ignore them. We check all the options except listen to them, adapt to them, acknowledge them, welcome them as guests that bring inner change. Another benefit of practising meditation to combat procrastination is that, when we work on something, and our mind will eventually wander, we learn to return our attention repeatedly to the problem at hand, just like in meditation sessions. Rewards “Our brains are always looking for relative rewards. If we have a habit loop around procrastination but we haven’t found a better reward, our brain is just going to keep doing it over and over until we give it something better to do,” said . neuroscientist Judson Brewer After all, procrastination is a habitual activity, and as with any habit, we can break the habit loop. And what better way to break a habit loop than to find a better reward? When we start fighting procrastination, we need to treat ourselves with rewards for accomplishing our tasks. We need to enjoy the small victories of our new system so we can approach further work. Rewards will eventually shift from extrinsic (what we give ourselves as treats) to intrinsic (how rewards make us feel). One of the better methods I found to switch to intrinsic rewards is . A good reframing technique against procrastination is that we don’t need to feel a specific state to start working. Doing is a choice that shouldn’t depend on feeling. Adopting a positive attitude towards challenges, accepting the struggle and embracing the strain are signs we are on the right track against procrastination. reframing We can reframe our mindset by realizing that we choose between short-term positivity and long-term goals by procrastinating. Whenever I feel like procrastinating, I remember : Cal Newport’s words I am going to work on this for one hour. I don’t care if I faint from the effort or make no progress, for the next hour, this is my whole world. Of course, I wouldn’t faint and I eventually would make progress. In his book, James Clear describes a conversation with an elite baseball coach. Clear asked the coach: Atomic Habits What’s the difference between the best athletes and everyone else? What do the really successful people do that most don’t? He mentioned the factors you might expect: genetics, luck, talent. But then he said something I wasn’t expecting: “At some point, it comes down to who can handle the boredom of training every day, doing the same lifts over and over and over.” Efficient people feel the same lack of motivation and boredom as everybody else. The significant distinction is these people still act, especially when they don’t feel like working. They use a better framing that motivates and drives them to push their limits. Remember the name of the study with good versus bad moods? If you feel bad, do it! is one way to make the work we tend to delay more attractive by pairing an action we want to do with an activity we need to do. E.g. after studying for half an hour, I will enjoy a 10-minute break watching YouTube. Temptation bundling Another technique that can help with the perceived value of a reward is , and it consists of answering: what are the consequences if I do this, and what are the effects if I don’t? consequence mapping is a productivity method where we split each day into time blocks of variable length, from 20 – 30 minutes to 1 hour. In each block of time, we single-task and focus only on that specific task associated with the current time block, with no context-switching. Instead of managing to-do list items, we control the time when we can implement those particular items. Time blocking can help us beat procrastination as we do not keep asking ourselves, “what should I do next?” and get lost in decision fatigue. The plan is already laid out. Time blocking – on a planner or a journal, we can track our goals, the steps required to reach them and changes in our routines that worked and changes that didn’t. Personally, the most significant catalyst for change was not meditation or rewards but planning the next day. Each evening, using and a paper notebook, I time block the next day. The last thing that I read before going to sleep is my plan for the day, and every morning the first thing that I read is the plan again (the Zeigarnik effect in action). Also, shows that writing a to-do list the evening before can make us fall asleep faster. Planner Todoist research The states that things are either up to us or not. Stoic exercise of the dichotomy of control We would gain more if we focused our time, attention and efforts on variables we can control. Emotions come and go like clouds in the sky. We can’t completely control when or for how long an emotion will visit us. How much sorrow, pain, betrayal, hurt, disbelief we endure when we navigate the shallow, toxic waters of “if-only”: If only my work wasn’t so boring, I would be working. If only I wasn’t so scared about failing my exams, I would be studying. If only I had been feeling motivated in the morning, I would have worked all day. Adopting a Stoic mindset lets us focus on input, the variables that we can control (how we react to feelings, work, other people), not on the final output (getting a promotion, passing exams) that might make us procrastinate. In his book, , researcher Piers Steel discusses the procrastination equation: The Procrastination Equation Image credit: Alex Vermeer – in this case, the opposite of procrastination. Motivation – the enjoyment we get by either doing the task or completing the task. Value – the expectancy of success to either complete the task or get the task’s reward. Expectancy – the tendency to get distracted instead of working on the task. Low impulsiveness means we tend to stay focused on our work. Impulsiveness – the time until a task is either completed or rewarded. The more significant the delay, the bigger the procrastination. Delay Alex Vermeer created an exemplary flow chart based on the procrastination equation here. Let’s assume we need to write a report for school or work. To avoid procrastination on this task, we want to increase the task’s value or pleasantness. E.g., making the first step, rewards as we progress, temptation bundling. Likewise, we need to increase the expectancy of success or reward. E.g., consequence mapping, reframing, Stoic mindset. On the other hand, we need to decrease impulsiveness by removing distractions and maintaining our focus. E.g. invisible procrastination cues, meditation, Pomodoro cycles. Also, we need to reduce the delay of the reward by establishing more immediate deadlines. E.g. clear, well-defined, and time-constrained goals (smaller weekly deadlines), planner, timeboxing. When we deliberately alternate between procrastination-free work and mindful breaks, the final reward comes at the end of the day. Time can strike like an angry sea during a day, but our new anti-procrastination system sheltered us. Then, while the day ends, guilt-free relaxation makes it possible to enjoy the slow flow of time. After all, sometimes we are human doings, and sometimes we are human beings. Also published here . Resources related to procrastination: A Comprehensive Guide on Time Blocking A Practical Framework to Create and Break Habits Letters to my Daughter: Myths and Tips to Strategically Distinguish Between Careers and Passions Mindful Work: Capturing, Prioritizing and Working on Tasks Effectively Mindless Work: The High Price of Continuous Multitasking RAIN: How to Recognize, Allow, Investigate, and Nurture Emotions The Exponential Art of Kaizen The Subtle Psychology of Making the First Step When Buddhism’s Nonattachment Overlaps Stoicism’s Dichotomy of Control

How To Overcome Procrastination

Open source today is a word that often include a lot of things, such as open knowledge (Wikimedia projects), open hardware (Arduino, Raspberry Pi), open formats (ODT/ODS/ODP) and so on. It is a world of opportunities that can be difficult for newcomers but also for intermediates. This article will help you discover how to approach specific roles, activities or projects/communities in the best way. Everything Started with "Coaching for OpenSource Communities 2.0" I decided to write a book in my personal style about my experience in the last 7 to 8 years in open source. I was surprised when I reached 100 pages about various different topics. My idea was to write something that I would like to read, so nothing that is boring or complicated, but full of real facts. The second goal was to include my experience but also my philosophy on contributing and how I contribute daily. Thirdly, I wanted to give a lot of hints and resources and an overall view of this open source world. Basically, I wanted to write something different from self-help or coaching books that includes just a list of suggestions and best practices. Instead, I  take real examples from real life about the OSS world. As a contributor and developer, I prefer to have real cases to study, because best practices are useful, but we need to learn from others and this world is full of good and bad cases to discover. In 2019, I started writing a book after and after 2 years inside the . In that Fosdem edition, I had a talk " " and after the feedback at the conference and my thoughts in various roles, activities, and projects, it was time to write something. Fosdem 2019 Mozilla Reps Council Coaching for Open Source Communities 2.0 At the end it wasn't a manual but a book that included my experience, learnings, best practices and so on in Localization, Development, Project Maintainer, Sysadmin, Community Management, Mentor, Speaker and so on. It contains the following sections: Biography - This choice isn't for self promotion but just to understand my point of view and my story that can be inspiring for others Philosophy - Not the usual description of Open Source or the 4 freedoms, but just what Open Source means and how you can help How to live inside the Open Source - A discovery about communications and tools, understanding the various kind of people and the best way to talk with your community How to choose a project - Starting with some questions to yourself and how to involve more people in your project The activity - Open Source is based on tasks that can be divided in 2 levels: Support, Testing, Marketing, Development etc How to use your time - We are busy, we have a life, a job and a family but Open Source can be time-consuming Why document is important - How writing documentation can be healthy for your community and the project's future and brand There are also three appendices that are manuals which I wrote throughout the years and gathered and improved for this book. They are about: community management, public speaking, and mentoring. The book ends with my point of view about the future and what we have to do to change opinions about those topics. I wrote this book and published in October 2019, but it was only possible with the help of reviews and localizers that improved and contributed. Yes, because this book is open source and free for everyone. I picked the GPL license because this license changed the world and my life in the best way. Using this license is just a tribute. This decision usually is not clear because after all this is a book and there are better licenses like Creative Commons. Second edition After coming back from Fosdem 2020, I started writing notes and gathering feedback from readers. With the lockdown in Italy for Covid-19 in February/March/April I started writing the second edition. Now topics like burn out, project management, delegating, more sections in the appendixes and a lot was added to this new edition. I published the new release a few days before my 30 birthday with 115 pages of "opensourcefulness" that is waiting you! In a week after the publishing, this new edition got the same downloads in GitHub as the previous edition in just 9 months. Looking at the first feedback, readers appreciate the new edition. Download the Book for Free The book is available for free on and where you can download it in PDF/Mobi/Epub. Leanpub GitHub Leanpub requires an account, but you can give a donation or subscribe to get notifications when there is a new edition. It is also on GitHub and it is possible to open tickets or see the markdown version of the book itself. I want to say thank you to all the people that helped me with the review for my English and also those who gave opinions and feedback. I am still open to feedback for the next edition! Previously published at https://daniele.tech/2020/07/contribute-to-open-source-the-right-way-2nd-edition-download-the-free-open-book-now

An Open-Source Book About the Open Source World

COBOL is in the news again. are filing unemployment claims nearly all at once, and the systems to process them are failing. Why? They need to scale to unprecedented levels, they’re written in COBOL, and… . Millions of people we don’t have enough COBOL programmers Here’s a look at the increase in searches for “COBOL programmers”: Most COBOL programmers are retired. The pipeline of new COBOL programmers is nearly nonexistent. Many are coming out of retirement just to help. This piqued my curiosity. I know nothing about COBOL, other than it’s old, still used a lot, and it was created by one of my heroes, . I looked to see if Pluralsight had a course about it, and they do. It's called Admiral Grace Hopper Getting Started with Mainframe COBOL. Why Did I Take a COBOL Course? So after reading about this problem I started thinking about COBOL again and got curious. Do I want to get a job as a COBOL programmer? Am I going to use this? No. As much as I love to roll up my sleeves and help in a crisis, I love my job and where I’m at. I don’t want to be a COBOL programmer. I’m just curious. I had to know how this decades-old language really works. So I and found out. Here’s what I learned. took the course How COBOL Programs Work As I started to dig in, I immediately started hearing terms and acronyms I am not familiar with. This must be how a non-technical person feels when they’re trying to understand new technology. It’s an eye-opener. There’s a big COBOL world that exists, and I am unaware of it. I forged on. COBOL programs are text (OK, that I can relate to) and they are divided into four main divisions: Identification Division Environment Division Data Division Procedure Division As a seasoned developer, I can probably assume what most of these things are, but I kept going to see what I’d learn. My first impression was: . We do this in some form with many applications, but these hard fast rules for organization? I like it. this is a great way to organize applications Identification Division This provides identifying information, such as the name of the program who wrote it, and the date they compiled it. We see things like this in comments and package files these days. Environment Division This area tells what kind of system it’s being built on, what compiler is being used, and similar information. It’s not declarative but gives a programmer a general idea of the environment to build it in. Data Division This is for defining file fields. What type of data will come in? How is it defined? This can be internal fields such as accumulators, flags, and counters, or external fields such as parameters passed to your program. Procedure Division This is where the action happens. Think statements (sentences in COBOL), methods, computations, all the “meat” of the program lives here. This is the largest division of a COBOL program. This kind of organization is great. It makes sense. We have this in nearly every language we develop with today. You punch in text that’s compiled to an executable run by the computer. That’s where the similarities end. How Is COBOL Used? COBOL reads files, performs actions on the data, and creates reports, or stores the new data. It’s suited for large-scale transaction processing. Think about something like calculating sales numbers for 5 million transactions. It’s primarily used on mainframe computers for finance and administrative systems. According to , companies use COBOL. More than half of the companies I’ve worked for in my career used it somewhere. It’s out there everywhere, quietly processing our transactions every day. this survey 25,757 Why Is It Still Around? My guess is: because it works. Folks love to make jokes about COBOL, but this is a language that strives for reliability. It’s happy when you feed it large amounts of data. It’s used to process millions of records if needed, and “just works” day after day. It’s primarily used in finance and government because organizations invested a lot of time and money to build COBOL systems, and these applications continue to chug away and do their job decades later. COBOL has a focus on performance and backward compatibility like no other. If it isn’t broke, don’t fix it. The biggest weakness of COBOL seems to be the number of people who know it, not the language itself. Similarities to Modern Development You write code in text to .SOURCE file, and that gets compiled into a .LOADLIB file. Then those files are run by .JCL files. There are things like compilers and linkers and other stuff that seems familiar. There are a few other aspects of COBOL that will be familiar to modern developers: - COBOL has error codes and other output. You can pipe them to SYSOUT, or a file. You can make it verbose to see what’s happening for debugging purposes, like any other language. Output for Debugging - COBOL has functions, which is crucial for abstracting things, and ways of creating reusable code in COBOL. It’s even object-oriented if that’s your thing. You can build libraries to reuse. Reusable code - Type definition, conversions, and all those other headaches are present in COBOL. Types are important, but data formatting is even more important. You really have to get this right in COBOL. Types are important - You have a lot of freedom when naming things in COBOL, and how you do it is important. There seems to be an emphasis on the idea that “this program will grow large and be maintained for decades”, which is something you don’t think about as much when writing an Angular app. Naming is important - In COBOL, everything, and I mean everything, is terminated with a period. This is the idea of “Sentences” in COBOL. The language strives to be as humanly readable as possible. The period is your semicolon - Not surprisingly, you have many loops, if statements, and other control structures you recognize from whatever programming language you’re using today. COBOL has familiar control structures I found jumping into COBOL, it’s easy to understand the basics of how to get rolling, based on my experience with other languages. You can get a general idea of how it works, but it’s not completely foreign. Until you start working with the code. Differences from Modern Development Once you get started working with COBOL, you’ll notice some big differences between this and casual JavaScript coding. - To truly develop COBOL, you need a mainframe. I’ve found some simulators online, and is pretty cool, but the real deal lives on mainframes, so you’ll need access to one for true COBOL development. You need a mainframe GnuCOBOL - Everything is very human-readable, though the code is in all caps, so it’s yelling. Statements are called “sentences” that are punctuated by a period. The period is small, so it’s tough to find where you forgot to add it. Human readable - COBOL earned its reputation for rigid syntax. Spaces at the beginning and end of every line (like bookends) and every single space and character matters. You need an eagle eye for coding with this language. Rigid Syntax - There are constraints in place in 2020 that shouldn’t exist, but COBOL is dedicated to backward compatibility. A line of COBOL code is always 80 characters (unless it isn’t), and reports are 132 characters wide. Why? Because of punch cards, and old school impact line printers. Yes, really. Wild constraints - You can really see how they designed the language around conserving resources. Memory, hard drive space, and CPU cycles are scarce so use them wisely. It’s easy for modern developers to forget how expensive and precious these things once were (and we should treat it that way now). Resource stinginess is built in - There isn’t much “loosey goosey” programming happening in COBOL, it won’t allow it. You have to intentional in everything you do. It’s very unforgiving, and that’s a good thing. You must be very explicit - It’s clear that COBOL is modeled around doing “jobs”. The programs are not real-time interactive programs like many applications, they’re designed to run at specified times, and the code is run from top to bottom. It’s meant to read in data, do things with that data, then spit it out. Jobs are a big focus of the language What I Got out of This Course After taking this course, I developed a respect for the language. COBOL gets a bad rap mostly because of its age and the Y2K bug (which wasn’t the fault of COBOL), but it’s still around for a reason: it was designed to be rock solid from the start. It’s not without its faults, but nobody can argue the durability of a system that runs for decades. I feel comfortable enough with COBOL to have a general understanding of how it works. I wouldn’t hire me as a COBOL programmer, but I’m confident this course would put me on that path if I so desired. The author did a fantastic job with explaining the concepts, being funny/not boring, and explaining best practices and pitfalls very well. If you’re a developer in 2020, you could learn a lot from this course. You can learn a few principles (that I made up myself) that seem to be prevalent in the world of COBOL: - memory, disk space, and CPU cycles are not free. Conserve them as much as possible with what you build. Preserve your resources - Take the time to figure out what you need and then declare it. Think arrays and structs instead of lists and generics. Performance comes from knowing exactly what you need and when. Be explicit in everything you do - For COBOL programmers, it’s true. Think ahead and act as if your code will live on for years. How should you write it so it can be maintained further down the line? Write code as if it will live for decades - Modern developers love reinventing the wheel. We also like introducing breaking changes and telling people to upgrade if they don’t like it. COBOL takes the approach to only break things when there is no other option. We need a little more of that in 2020. Avoid breaking changes You should take . You’d be surprised what you’ll learn. If you do, let me know what you think of it! I’d love to chat about it. Getting Started with Mainframe COBOL

I Took a COBOL Course and It Wasn't The Worst

Suddenly become a home worker? Then you might be wondering how to do it right. At Heroku, more than half our team works remotely from home offices, cafes, and co-working spaces. Many of the questions you have right now are ones that we’ve been thinking about for years. So, here are four tips from the Heroku team on how to make distributed work effective, fulfilling, and fun. 1. Ritual matters If you work in an office, each day has a similar cadence. You leave home, commute, maybe grab a coffee, greet the same people on the way to your desk, and ease yourself into the day. When you work from home, ritual is just as important. Maybe more so. Up until now, your home has been a place where you hang out with friends and family, do chores, sleep. To be productive, you’ll need a way to signal to yourself that, for a few hours, home is also where you focus on work. There’s the obvious stuff. Shower, get dressed. But perhaps less obvious is the need to demarcate your day and your space. It might be tempting to review a pull request over breakfast but you’ll quickly burn out unless you stick to predictable working hours. Start and end your work at the times you would if you were in the office. Get up and take breaks. Eat lunch away from your screen. Similarly, you need a dedicated space for work. If you don’t have the luxury of a dedicated desk, then choose a spot that you can clear during your work hours and that is free of distractions; or as free from distractions as possible. If you can work behind a closed door, all the better to signal “I’m working” to yourself and anyone else at home. So, tip number 1 is to build a ritual that bookends your working day. 2. Be intentional about communication In an office setting, much communication is unintentional. Think about it. Simply being sat at a desk in an office is a form of communication. You’re saying, “I’m working, I’m here, I’m productive”. Then there are the quick chats in the kitchen in which big decisions are made or the meetings where someone’s raised eyebrow says a whole lot more than their words. Communication in a distributed team takes more work but, done well, can lead to deeper understanding. Let’s get the basics out of the way first. You need to communicate availability to your colleagues. Say “hi” when you start work, use Slack statuses to indicate when you want to focus, wave a cheery “goodbye” when you leave for the day. The harder part is understanding each other, staying informed, and collaborating. That requires a change in communication pace and culture. Remote communication is lower bandwidth than in person communication. Yet your brain, pattern matching monster that it is, will fill in the gaps. Rather than make assumptions, ask questions. Heroku’s Engineering Chief of Staff, Francis Lacoste, , ask questions from a place of curiosity, and work on recognising our biases and assumptions. says that remote communication requires that we learn to listen If something seems stupid, assume you misunderstood then ask questions until you understand what the other person intended. When you have something to say, think about how to avoid ambiguity. Tip number two is to be intentional in how you communicate. 3. Get comfortable with asynchronous work If an office is a monolith then a successful distributed team is like a set of microservices. You don’t need to know when your colleagues do their work or even how they do it. The important thing is the output and the expectations set. This is not something you can control alone. Really, it’s largely down to the culture led by your manager. But a successful remote team balances leaving people to get on with their work versus explicit times of synchronous communication. Officer workers complain about meetings but for remote workers they’re a rare opportunity for high bandwidth communication. Need help working something out? Have a video call with a colleague. Want to keep the team up to date with important news? Schedule a weekly call. No successful distributed team lead is hovering over their reports’ virtual shoulders. Tip three is to accept that the work is what’s important. How and when it happens, within explicitly set expectations, is irrelevant. 4. Go out of your way to be a team One downside of distributed working is that you could spend eight hours at your desk doing nothing other than work. All those little social interactions –– signing the card for Karen from accounting, catching up over the latest Better Call Saul episode, politely refusing Nigel’s overbaked cake –– happen less easily. Not only does that make loneliness more of a problem but it’s harder for a team to bond. Rather than leave it to chance, in a remote environment you must go out of your way to interact with your team. Schedule time for a coffee over a video chat. Sounds weird? Well, it’s not really about the coffee. It’s a chance to switch off for a few minutes and chat casually with a colleague. If you have a daily stand-up, extend the Friday edition by ten minutes so everyone can chat about their weekend plans. Okay, sure, right now their weekend plans are largely going to be variations on “having a quiet one indoors” but it’s the opportunity to be human with each other that is important. Tip four is to make sure that it’s not all just about work. Take time to hang out with your colleagues, even if it is by video chat. Working from home is great, if you get it right You’re used to working and you’re used to being at home. So, combining the two should be easy, right? In our experience at Heroku, it turns out that it takes effort to work from home in a way that looks after your wellbeing while also helping you to be productive. Effective distributed working is also a joint effort. While you must make adjustments on your side, as someone working from home, a company’s leadership must instill a culture and set processes that set remote workers up for success. Many people working from home for the first time right now are not doing so through choice. Both managers and team members have been thrown into a situation they weren’t expecting. That makes support from leadership, and a company-wide understanding of both the challenges and triumphs of distributed working, even more important. You can read more from the Heroku team, including this Francis Lacoste, this regardless of whether someone is in our San Francisco office or their home office, and this where five Heroku colleagues discuss what’s worked and what hasn’t worked for them. AMA with our in-house remote work expert blog post on how we bring the Heroku team together episode of our Code[ish] podcast In this unusual time, working from home is probably just one of the many changes you’re getting used to. However, rather than being an uncomfortable change, working from home can be an opportunity to get more done and spend less time commuting.

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